Pharisee - Pharisee (English spelling) Pharisaioi; Pharisees

Japanese: パリサイ派 - パリサイは（英語表記）Pharisaioi; Pharisees

They are also called Pharisees, Pharisee, or Pharisees. A Jewish sect that existed from just after the Maccabean War in the 2nd century BC to around the 1st century AD. The word means "those who are separated." It is said that they originated from a devout Hasidim sect. They strictly followed the law and did not interact with the common people or other sects. They followed Ezra, the founder of Judaism, and insisted that the oral law was binding, as it had the same authority as the written law. Unlike the Sadducees, they opposed non-Jewish things and did not participate in political struggles as the Zealots aimed for. They believed in retribution after death and the resurrection of the body, and advocated the union of free will and predestination. They opposed the teachings of Christ and are criticized as hypocrites in the gospels, but as a sect they took a pure position and had excellent people such as Simeon, Zacharias, and Paul. They maintained their influence from the 2nd century BC until the fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD, and are said to have reached 6,000 people during the time of Herod the Great. However, it continued to remain after 70 and influenced rabbinic thought.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

パリサイ人，ファリサイ派，ファリサイ人ともいう。前2世紀のマカベア戦争直後から紀元1世紀頃にかけて存在したユダヤ教の一派。語義は「分離した者」。ハシディーム派の敬虔な一派が祖という。律法厳守に徹して民衆や他宗派に接せず，ユダヤ教の創始者エズラに従い，口伝律法も成文律法と同様に権威を有するとしてその拘束性を主張。サドカイ派と異なり，非ユダヤ的なものに反対し，熱心党が目指したような政治闘争には加わらず，死後の応報，肉身のよみがえりを信じ，自由意志と予定の結合を唱えた。キリストの教説に反対し，福音書では偽善者と非難されるが，宗派としては純正な立場をとりシメオン，ザカリアス，パウロなどすぐれた人材を擁していた。前2世紀から紀元 70年のエルサレム陥落まで勢力を保ち，ヘロデ大王の頃 6000人に達したという。しかし 70年以後も残存し，ラビの思想に影響を残した。

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