Genkin - Genkin

Japanese: 玄琴 - げんきん
Genkin - Genkin

A Korean zither-type plucked string instrument. Along with the gayageum and biwa, it is counted as one of the Silla samisen. It is about 150cm long, with the body made of paulownia wood on the front and chestnut wood on the back. It has six strings made of silk. From the player's front, they are called Bungen, Yugen, Taigen, Kajosei, Kegecheong, and Bugen. Bungen, Kegecheong, and Bugen have movable strings (gansoku = kotoji), and the remaining strings are strung on 16 fixed frets and supported by the first string on the left side. The wooden sticks are made of cypress, and from the first stick onwards, they are about 10-8cm wide and 7-1cm high, getting progressively narrower and lower. The end of the body is placed on the knee, and while pressing down on the top of the stick with the fingers of the left hand, the instrument is played with a stick held between the index finger and thumb of the right hand. The stick is about 17cm long, made of sea bamboo, and called a "suldae" (spoon). A soft skin is stretched over the part that the spoon touches (the taimai) to prevent sound from being produced. The range is about three octaves. According to the "Samguk Sagi," the Xuanqin was created by Wang Sanak, the first king of Goguryeo (413-490), in imitation of a seven-stringed zither that was given to him by the state of Jin in China. Furthermore, when Wang Shangyue composed over 100 songs and performed them, a black crane flew in and danced, so the instrument came to be called the Xuanheqin, but later the character for crane was removed and it became the Xuanqin. However, there is an instrument thought to be the prototype of the Xuanqin in the murals of the Dance Tomb in Ji'an City, Jilin Province, China, and the Xuanqin is said to have been made before the 5th century.

[Harumi Haratani]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

朝鮮のチター型撥弦(はつげん)楽器。伽倻琴(かやきん)、琵琶(びわ)とともに新羅三絃(しらぎさんげん)の一つに数えられる。全長約150センチメートル、胴の表面にはキリ、裏面にはクリ材を用いる。弦は絹糸製で、6弦。奏者の手前から順に文絃、遊絃、大絃(たいげん)、棵上清(かじょうせい)、棵下清、武絃とよばれる。文絃、棵下清、武絃の3絃には可動の柱(じゅう)(雁足=琴柱(ことじ))を立て、残りは16個の固定した棵(フレット)上に張られ、向かって左側の第一棵で支えられる。棵はヒノキ製で、第一棵から順に幅約10~8センチメートル、高さ約7~1センチメートルで、順次狭く低くなっている。胴の端を膝(ひざ)の上にのせ、左手指で棵上を押さえながら、右手の人差し指と親指に挟んだ棒で弾奏する。棒は長さ約17センチメートル、海竹製で匙(スルデ)とよばれる。匙が当たる部分(玳瑁(たいまい))には、音が出ないようにするために柔らかい皮を張る。音域は約3オクターブ。『三国史記』によると、玄琴は、高句麗(こうくり)の長寿王(413―490)の初め、王山岳が、中国の晋(しん)の国から贈られた七絃琴をまねてつくったものとある。さらに王山岳が100余曲を作曲してこれを演奏したところ、黒い鶴(つる)が飛んできて舞い踊ったという伝えから玄鶴(げんかく)琴とよばれたが、のち鶴の字を取り去って玄琴となる。しかし、中国吉林(きつりん/チーリン)省集安(しゅうあん/チーアン)市にある舞踊塚古墳の壁画には玄琴の原型とみられる楽器があり、玄琴は5世紀以前につくられたとされている。

[原谷治美]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Cash Currency - Genkintsuuka

>>:  Genkyoku Taishinsho - Genkyoku Taishinsho

Recommend

Atsushio [Hot spring] - Atsushio

...A village in Yama District, northwest of Fukus...

Cystoscope - bladder

An endoscope for directly observing lesions in th...

Order - O-daa (English spelling) order

An architectural term that can be translated as &...

Book of illustrations - Kamie

…The pictures may be drawn in a way that involves...

Isonitrile

isocyanide. Also called carbylamine. A compound i...

Diels - Otto Paul Hermann Diels

German organic chemist. Born January 23rd in Hamb...

Bijapur (English spelling)

An ancient city in the north of Karnataka, southwe...

Hermet-bird

…A species of bird in the family Euryceridae, or ...

《Musica enchiriadis》(English spelling)Musicaenchiriadis

...This type of drama is called liturgical drama ...

Namba souvenirs - Naniwa souvenirs

A Joruri commentary book from the mid-Edo period. ...

Western

A type of action film (action drama). Originally ...

Shiosho - Ensho

…A monopoly law developed during the Song Dynasty...

Ectoparasitism

… Plant parasitism of animals is mainly known for...

Molting - Molt

This refers to the change in feathers of birds, e...

English smoke company - English smoke company

…Its official name is the British American Tobacc...