Born: 3 September 1899 in Traralgon, Victoria [Died] August 31, 1985. Melbourne Australian physician and immunologist. Earned his doctorate from the University of Melbourne in 1923. From 1926 to 1927, he conducted research at the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine in London before returning to Japan. From 1944 to 1965, he was professor of experimental medicine at the University of Melbourne and director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. In the course of his research into acquired immune tolerance to tissue transplants, he proposed the clonal selection theory for the mechanism of antibody production. In 1960, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine together with P. Medawar. In addition to his research into immunity, he discovered a method for identifying bacteria using bacteriophages, and developed techniques for culturing and quantifying viruses in living chicken embryos. He also studied influenza viruses and isolated the causative agent of Q fever. He came to Japan in 1961. Barnett |
[生]1899.9.3. ビクトリア,トララルゴン [没]1985.8.31. メルボルン オーストラリアの医師,免疫学者。 1923年メルボルン大学で学位取得。 26~27年ロンドンのリスター予防医学研究所で研究して帰国。 44~65年,メルボルン大学実験医学教授兼ウォルター=エリザホール医学研究所長。組織移植への獲得性免疫寛容の研究の過程で抗体の産生機構にクローン選択説を提唱。これに対して 60年,P.メダウォアとともにノーベル生理学・医学賞を授与された。免疫の研究のほかにも,バクテリオファージによって細菌を同定する方法を発見し,生きているニワトリ胚でウイルスを培養,定量する技術を開発した。また,インフルエンザウイルスを研究し,Q熱の病原体を分離した。 61年来日。 バーネット
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