A specific agglutination reaction between the patient's serum and causative bacteria used to differentiate and diagnose typhoidal diseases, also known as the Gruber-Widal reaction, named after its discoverers, French dermatologist GF Widal and German microbiologist Gruber. When a patient is infected with typhoid or paratyphoid fever, the blood agglutinins against the causative bacteria Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A or B increase in the serum after the second week of illness, so the disease can be diagnosed by quantifying the agglutinins in the serum using a fixed concentration of the three bacteria as an antigen. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
チフス性疾患の鑑別と診断に用いられる,患者の血清と起炎細菌との間の特異的凝集反応で,発見者のフランスの皮膚科医 G.F.ウィダールとドイツの微生物研究者グルーバーの名をとってグルーバー (Gruber) =ウィダール反応ともいう。腸チフスまたはパラチフスに罹患した場合,発病第2週以後になると原因菌であるチフス菌,パラチフスAあるいはB菌に対する血中凝集素が血清中に増加するので,この3菌の一定濃度の菌液を抗原として血清中の凝集素を定量すれば本病の診断ができる。
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