Transportation handling business - Transportation handling business

A business that aims to act as an intermediary for the transportation of goods (Article 559 of the Commercial Code). Such a business operator is called a transportation agent. It is the same as a wholesaler in that it operates as an intermediary, and in its own name, it searches for a suitable carrier on the account of the client, who is the entruster, and concludes a goods transportation contract with the carrier as a contracting party. It is also related to transportation business in that it acts as an intermediary for the transportation of goods. The current Commercial Code positions transportation handling business as an intermediary business, but in modern times, it is not limited to simple business management such as intermediary for the transportation of goods, but in addition to accepting the transported goods at the destination and various related affairs (such as customs procedures), and small transportation at the dispatch and destination (such as from the client's door to the station or ship), it often actually also undertakes the transportation of goods itself. In addition to this reality, it also undertakes warehouse deposits, and brokers and agents for marine transportation, and in light of this, the Commercial Code Amendment Outline is attempting to amend the transportation agent to a person who acts as an intermediary, agent, or intermediary for the transportation of goods (Outline 212 of the same Code). In addition, those who act as intermediaries for passenger transportation are quasi-wholesalers and not transportation agents. Also, as long as the subject of the intermediation is the transportation of goods, it does not matter whether the transportation is by land, sea, or air, or the transportation is carried out through these.

[Toda Shuzo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

物品運送の取次を目的とする営業（商法559条）。その営業者を運送取扱人という。取次を業とする点で問屋(といや)と同一であり、自己の名をもって委託者である荷主の計算で、適当な運送人を探し、自ら契約当事者となってこれと物品運送契約を締結する。また、物品運送の取次をする点で、運送営業と関連がある。現行商法は、運送取扱営業を取次業として位置づけているが、現代のそれは物品運送の取次というような単純な業務経営にとどまらず、到達地における運送品の受取りやこれに関連する各種の事務（たとえば通関手続）、発送地・到達地における小運送（たとえば委託者の戸口から駅や船まで）の引受のほか、実際には自ら物品運送の引受をもなすことが多い。このような実態に加え、これが倉庫寄託の引受、海上運送の仲立や代理などをもしている点に着目し、商法改正要綱では、運送取扱人を物品運送の取次、代理または媒介をなす者と改正しようとしている（同要綱212）。なお、旅客運送の取次をなすものは準問屋であって運送取扱人ではない。また、取次の客体が物品運送である限り、陸上運送、海上運送、航空運送またはこれらを通じてなされる運送たるを問わない。

［戸田修三］

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