Hartford - Hartford (English spelling)

Japanese: ハートフォード - はーとふぉーど(英語表記)Hartford
Hartford - Hartford (English spelling)

Located in central Connecticut, facing the Connecticut River, it is the second largest city in the state and the state capital. It has a population of 121,578 (2000). It is the core of commerce, industry, and culture in the state, and is especially known as an "insurance town." Starting with the establishment of the Hartford Fire Insurance Company, the oldest insurance company in the United States, in 1810, many insurance companies have been established, and today there are more than 50 companies, including those from all over the world. Industry has also shown remarkable development, with over 400 companies located within the metropolitan area. It has been the center of small arms manufacturing since the Colt rifle was first put to practical use in the United States in the mid-19th century, and a wide range of industries have developed, including casting, machinery, metals, food processing, and clothing. It is also important as a market for tobacco grown in the fertile Connecticut Valley. A Dutch trading post was established in 1633, and the town was founded by immigrants from the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1636, and in 1639, it formed the Connecticut Colony along with two other towns. In 1662 it merged with New Haven, and for a time the two cities formed a joint state capital, but since 1875 it has been the sole state capital.

As a cultural city, Hartford is home to many excellent cultural facilities and is home to the Hartford Symphony Orchestra, opera, and ballet. The Wadworth Art Museum, built in 1842, is known for its excellent collection. The homes of Mrs. Stowe and Mark Twain have been preserved and are open to the public. Hartford is also home to the Hartford State Polytechnic University and Trinity University.

[Kazuyo Sakuno]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカ合衆国、コネティカット州中部、コネティカット川に臨む同州第二の都市で、州都。人口12万1578(2000)。同州の商工業、文化の中核をなし、とくに「保険業の町」として知られる。全米最古の保険会社であるハートフォード火災保険会社が1810年に設立されたのを皮切りに、数多くの保険会社が設立され、現在では世界各国からのものも含めて50以上の会社が集積する。また工業は著しい発達を示しており、都市圏内に立地する企業は400社を超える。19世紀中ごろに合衆国で初めて実用化されたコルト銃製造以来の小火器製造の中心地で、鋳造、機械、金属、食品加工、衣料など多種工業の発達がみられる。肥沃(ひよく)なコネティカット谷で栽培されるタバコの市場としても重要である。1633年オランダの交易所がつくられ、36年にマサチューセッツ湾植民地からの移入者によって町が建設され、39年、他の二つの町とともにコネティカット植民地を形成した。1662年ニュー・ヘブンと合併し、しばらくは両方で合同州都を形成していたが、1875年以降は単独で州都となっている。

 文化都市の名にふさわしく、市民の間での文化的活動は活発で、優れた文化施設も多い。ハートフォード交響楽団をはじめ、オペラ、バレエなどの本拠地であり、1842年に建てられたワドワーズ美術館は、優れたコレクションで広く知られる。またストー夫人やマーク・トウェーンの家が保存され、一般公開されている。州立工科大学とトリニティ大学の所在地でもある。

[作野和世]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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