Aizu Basin

Japanese: 会津盆地 - あいづぼんち
Aizu Basin

A basin in the north-central part of the Aizu region, in the west of Fukushima Prefecture. It is mainly a graben between the Fukiyayama fault cliff in the east and the Aizu Basin Western Edge Fault Cliff in the west. The central filled area is called Aizu-daira, and most of it is thought to be the remains of a former lake. The Aizu Basin Western Edge Fault is divided into the north and south, but both are active faults that cut the diluvial deposits and have carved terraces west of Yamazaki, the outlet of the Aga River (Okawa). These terrace surfaces must have originally been connected to the flat surface of Aizu-daira. In the eastern part, there is a gentle slope with a layer of rounded gravel at the foot of the mountain, suggesting an active fault. In 2004, the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan released a map (1:25,000) showing the detailed locations of active faults around the Aizu Basin.

In 1536 (Tenbun 5), there was a flood known as the Shirahige Flood in the Tsurunuma River, and the area north of Aizu Misato Town changed to its current course. The Aizu Plain was flat and repeatedly flooded, but the water from dams has been used to turn the area into rice paddies.

[Yasuda Hatsuo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

福島県西部、会津地方の中北部にある盆地。東の吹矢(ふきや)山断層崖(がい)、西の会津盆地西縁断層崖に挟まった地溝を主部としている。中央の埋積地を会津平(だいら)とよび、その大部分はかつての湖沼の跡地とみられる。会津盆地西縁断層は北部と南部とに分けられているが、ともに活断層で、洪積層を切っており、阿賀川(大川)の流出口である山崎西方では段丘を刻んでいる。この段丘面がもとは会津平の平坦(へいたん)面とつながっていたはずである。東部でも山麓(さんろく)に円礫(えんれき)層をのせる緩斜面があり、活断層を暗示している。なお、2004年(平成16)に会津盆地周辺の活断層の詳細な位置を示した地図(2万5000分の1)が国土地理院から発表された。

 1536年(天文5)鶴沼川(つるぬまがわ)で白髭の大水(しらひげのおおみず)といわれる洪水があり、会津美里(みさと)町以北が現流路に変わった。会津平は平坦で氾濫(はんらん)を繰り返したが、堰水(せきすい)利用で水田化が進んでいる。

[安田初雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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