A perennial plant of the family Flytrap family (APG classification: Flytrap family). The stem is 30-70 cm tall. The leaves are opposite, ovate, and slightly truncated at the base. From June to August, it produces spikes of white flowers with a pale reddish purple tinge that open sideways. The fruits grow downward and are wrapped in a calyx, resembling the shape of an achyranthes (Amaranthaceae). It is a poisonous plant, and its name comes from the fact that a decoction of its roots was used to kill flies. It grows in forests in hilly and mountainous areas, and is distributed throughout Japan, the Korean Peninsula, China, the Himalayas, and eastern Siberia. The basic species, American Flytrap, is distributed throughout eastern North America. The Phrymaceae family is a unique family with only one genus and species in the world, and is closely related to the Verbenaceae family. [Hideo Takahashi October 20, 2021] It is also classified as a member of the family Caprifoliaceae in the APG classification. As a result of research based on molecular phylogenetic analysis, the genera Mitra and Acanthurus are also included in the Caprifoliaceae. According to 2018 data from this classification, 190 species in 13 genera are known, and they are distributed widely around the world. There are 5 species in 3 genera in Japan. [Editorial Department, October 20, 2021] A poisonous plant with one species in one genus and one family. It produces thin spike-like inflorescences during flowering. It grows in forests in hilly and mountainous areas throughout Japan. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose "> Flycatcher From June to August, it produces spike-like inflorescences, and small, white, pale red-purple lip-shaped flowers open sideways. The lower lip is three-lobed and larger than the upper lip. ©Seishohmaru "> Flycatcher flower ©Kanzo Otawa "> Flycatcher (specimen drawing) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ハエドクソウ科(APG分類:ハエドクソウ科)の多年草。茎は高さ30~70センチメートル。葉は対生し、卵形で基部はやや切形状になる。6~8月、穂状花序をつくり、白色で淡紅紫色を帯びた小さな唇形花を横向きに開く。果実は下向きにつき、萼(がく)に包まれた形がイノコズチ(ヒユ科)に似ている。有毒植物で、名は、根の煎汁(せんじゅう)でハエを殺したことに由来する。丘陵から山地の林内に生え、日本全土、および朝鮮半島、中国、ヒマラヤ、シベリア東部に分布する。基本種のアメリカハエドクソウは北アメリカ東部にかけて分布する。 ハエドクソウ科Phrymaceaeは、世界に1属1種の特異な科で、クマツヅラ科に近縁である。 [高橋秀男 2021年10月20日] APG分類でもハエドクソウ科とされる。分子系統解析に基づく研究の結果、ミゾホオズキ属やスズメハコベ属などもハエドクソウ科に含まれることとなった。この分類による2018年のデータでは13属190種が知られ、世界に広く分布する。日本には3属5種が分布する。 [編集部 2021年10月20日] 1科1属1種の有毒植物。花期には細い穂状花序をつくる。日本全土の丘陵から山地の林内に生える©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏"> ハエドクソウ 6~8月、穂状花序をつくり、白色で淡紅紫色を帯びた小さな唇形花を横向きに開く。下唇は3裂し、上唇より大きい©Seishohmaru"> ハエドクソウの花 ©大多和鐘三"> ハエドクソウ〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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