Lessons Learned - Kyokunsho

A book on gagaku from the Kamakura period. Written by Koma no Chikazane (1177-1242), a musician at Kofuku-ji Temple in Nanto. Published in 1233 (Tenpuku 1). 10 volumes in total. Chikazane inherited the traditions of the Koma clan, including his foster father Mitsuzane and maternal grandfather Mitsusue, and was called the "father of dance and mother of reigaku." However, since his eldest and second sons did not take over the family business, and his third son Chikakazu was still a child, he wrote this book out of a sense of crisis that the traditions would be lost. The first five volumes, titled "Kabuki Oral Tradition," contain the oral traditions of the Koma clan, while the last five volumes, titled "Reigaku Oral Tradition," describe the principles of bugaku and musical instruments, and are also rich in legends surrounding the music. This is the oldest book on gagaku and became the standard for later music books. Konzane's grandson Koma Tomokazu (1247?-1333) wrote Zoku Kyokunsho (Completed in 1322).

[Yoko Hashimoto]

"Excerpts from Lessons" annotated by Yukinori Ueki (included in "Japanese Thought Series 23: Theory of Ancient and Medieval Art", 1973, Iwanami Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鎌倉時代の雅楽の書。南都興福寺の楽人(がくにん)、狛近真(こまのちかざね)（1177―1242）著。1233年（天福1）成立。全10巻。近真は養父光真、外祖父光季(みつすえ)らの狛氏一族の伝承を一身に受け「舞曲の父、伶楽(れいがく)の母」と称されたが、長男・次男が家業を継がず、三男近葛(ちかかず)も幼年であったため、伝承の廃絶という危機感から書かれたのが本書である。「歌舞口伝」と銘打つ前半5巻は狛氏の伝承口伝など、「伶楽口伝」という後半5巻は舞楽の心得および楽器について述べられ、楽曲にまつわる伝説にも富む。雅楽に関する最古の書で、後の楽書の規範となり、近真の孫狛朝葛(ともかず)（1247？―1333）は『続教訓抄』（1322成立）を著した。

［橋本曜子］

『植木行宣校注「教訓抄」（『日本思想大系23　古代中世芸術論』所収・1973・岩波書店）』

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