Haskovo - Haskovo (English spelling)

Japanese: ハスコボ - はすこぼ(英語表記)Haskovo
Haskovo - Haskovo (English spelling)

It is the capital of Haskovo County in southern Bulgaria. It is located at the northern foot of the eastern Rhodope Mountains, about 200 km southeast of the capital, Sofia. Its population was 99,181 (2001). It entered Bulgaria in the early 9th century and was developed as a fortress for garrison troops, but was destroyed by an attack from the Byzantine Empire in the 11th century. During the Ottoman period, it was known as Hasköy. With the prosperity of the largest periodical market in the Bulgarian region, held for one month every autumn in the neighboring Uzundzhovo, the cultivation of horticultural and commercial crops such as tobacco, sesame, cotton, hemp, anise, corn, barley, and wheat, as well as sericulture, led to the rise of handicraft industries such as leather and shoemaking. It became part of Bulgaria when the Eastern Rumelia Oblast was annexed in 1885, and during the Balkan Wars in 1912, Bulgarian refugees from Thrace and Macedonia flowed in and created new residential areas. Since the early 20th century, the tobacco industry has flourished and the city has become a center, producing 20% ​​of the country's tobacco. Other industries include beer brewing and textiles. The city has a theater, a puppet theater, a history museum, and more, making it the cultural center of the Eastern Rhodope region.

[Kenji Terashima]

[References] | Balkan Wars | Eastern Rumelia

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ブルガリア南部、ハスコボ県の県都。ロドピ山脈東部の北麓(ほくろく)、首都ソフィアの南東約200キロメートルに位置する。人口9万9181(2001)。9世紀初頭にブルガリア領内に入り、駐屯部隊の要塞(ようさい)として整備されたが、11世紀にビザンティン帝国の攻撃を受け破壊された。オスマン帝国時代はハスキョイHasköyの名前で知られた。隣接するウズンジョボUzundzhovoで毎年秋に1か月間開催されるブルガリア地域最大の定期市の繁栄に伴って、タバコ、ゴマ、綿花、アサ、アニス、トウモロコシ、大麦、小麦など園芸・商品作物の栽培や養蚕業が盛んになり、皮革や製靴などの手工業が勃興(ぼっこう)した。1885年の東ルメリア州の併合でブルガリア領となり、1912年のバルカン戦争の際にはトラキアとマケドニアからきたブルガリア人難民が流入して新しい居住区がつくられた。20世紀初頭以来、たばこ産業が栄えて中心地となり、国内のタバコの20%が生産される。ほかにビール醸造、繊維などの産業がある。市内には劇場、人形劇場、歴史博物館などがあり、東ロドピ地方の文化的中心地となっている。

[寺島憲治]

[参照項目] | バルカン戦争 | 東ルメリア

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