The formation of bonds that resemble bridges between molecules in which atoms are linearly bonded. Such bonds are called bridging bonds or cross-linking bonds. Linear polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and nylon have the property of softening and fluidizing when heated and hardening again when cooled, and are relatively soluble in solvents. On the other hand, phenolic resins and urea resins that form a highly three-dimensional mesh structure through cross-linking do not fluidize when heated and are insoluble in solvents. If the degree of cross-linking is not very high, they will absorb the solvent and swell. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
原子が線状に結合している分子相互間に橋を架けたような形の結合を形成すること。このような結合を橋架け結合あるいは架橋結合という。ポリエチレン,ポリ塩化ビニル,ナイロンなどの線状高分子には,加熱すると軟化,流動化し,冷却すると再び硬化する性質があり,溶媒にも比較的溶けやすい。一方,橋架けにより高度に三次元網目構造を形成したフェノール樹脂や尿素樹脂などは,加熱しても流動化せず,溶媒に対しても不溶となる。橋架けの程度があまり高くない場合には溶媒を吸収して膨潤する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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