House, Edward Mandell

Japanese: ハウス（英語表記）House， Edward Mandell

Born July 26, 1858 in Houston, Texas
[Died] March 28, 1938, New York. American diplomat and politician. After studying at Cornell University, he served as a political advisor to the Governor of Texas (Democrat) in 1892, during which time he was given the title of honorary colonel and became known as "Colonel House." During the 1912 presidential election, House gained the trust of W. Wilson and traveled to European countries twice during World War I as his special envoy to mediate peace. After the United States entered the war, House gained the consent of the Allied Powers to make the Fourteen Points the basic principle of peace, bringing a temporary victory to Wilson's diplomacy. He participated in the drafting of the Treaty of Versailles, especially the Covenant of the League of Nations, and was a powerful driving force behind Wilson's diplomacy. However, in 1919, House, who advocated compromise to save the League of Nations plan, and Wilson, who did not tolerate compromise, came into conflict over the League of Nations, and the two broke up, leading to House's retirement from politics.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1858.7.26. テキサス，ヒューストン
[没]1938.3.28. ニューヨーク
アメリカの外交官，政治家。コーネル大学で学んだのち，1892年テキサス州知事 (民主党) の政治顧問をつとめ，その頃名誉大佐の肩書をもらい「ハウス大佐」が通称になった。 1912年大統領選挙の際に，W.ウィルソンの信頼を受け，第1次世界大戦中2度，その特使としてヨーロッパ諸国を歴訪し和平調停を行なった。アメリカの参戦後は，連合国から「十四ヵ条平和構想」を講和の基本原則とする同意を得，ウィルソン外交に一応の勝利をもたらした。ベルサイユ条約，特に国際連盟規約の起草に参画し，ウィルソン外交の強力な推進力となったが，19年国際連盟をめぐり，連盟案を救うため妥協を主張する彼と，妥協を許さないウィルソンの意見が対立し，両者は決別，ハウスは政界から退いた。

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