Hausa people - Hausa (English spelling)

Japanese: ハウサ族 - ハウサぞく（英語表記）Hausa

An ethnic group that mainly lives in northern Nigeria. They speak the Chadic language Hausa. The population is estimated at over 20 million. They used to live in the central Sahara, but due to pressure from Berbers and Arabs, they moved south and were conquered by the Fulbe in the 19th century. Due to their long experience of caravan trade across the Sahara, they have achieved a strong cultural integration, and formed a feudal state and developed cities before the European colonial period. Many documents, including poetry and history, remain. They use fertilizer to grow corn and millet as their staple food, but the center of their economy is commerce, such as specialized craftsmen who produce leather, metalwork, and textiles, and merchants, and they use shell money. Society is highly stratified, with aristocratic lineages playing an important role. Descent is patrilineal, and marriage between relatives, especially cousins, is preferred.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

主としてナイジェリア北部に居住する民族。チャド語派のハウサ語を話す。人口は 2000万以上と推定される。古くはサハラ砂漠中央部にいたが，ベルベル人やアラブ人の圧迫で南下し，19世紀にフルベ族に征服された。長いサハラ砂漠縦断の隊商交易の経験から，文化的統合は相当に強く，ヨーロッパの植民地時代以前に，封建制国家を形成し都市を発達させた。詩作や歴史などの多くの文書が残っている。肥料を使ってもろこし類，きびを主食として栽培するが，経済の中心は，皮や金属細工，織物生産などによる特殊職人，商人などの商業におかれ，貝貨が用いられた。社会は著しく階層化され，貴族リニージが重要な地位を占めている。出自は父系で，親族，特にいとこ同士の結婚が好まれる。

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