A nationalist ideological and cultural group from the mid-Meiji to Taisho periods. Founded on April 3, 1888 (Meiji 21) by 13 people including Shiga Shigetaka, Miyake Setsurei, Inoue Enryo, and Sugiura Jugetake, the group published the journal "Nihonjin" (The Japanese) (and its successors, "Asia" and "Nihon to Sotte Nihonjin"). It opposed uncritical imitation of Western culture, participated in the Great Unity Movement, and advocated constitutionalist politics. With regard to the government's policy of Europeanization and treaty revision, it opposed the government's subservience to the West and took a nationalist stance of foreign independence, and worked to arouse public opinion in favor of going to war in the Sino-Japanese War. Shiga and Miyake were central in the early days, but Miyake took over from around 1898. Sharing similar ideology to the newspaper "Nippon" group presided over by Kugaku Katsunan, the group was in a comradely relationship, and in January 1907 (Meiji 40) the group was absorbed and the name of the journal was changed to "Nippon and the Japanese." With Miyake's departure immediately after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923 (Taisho 12), Seikyosha's tradition faded, but the magazine was published until February 1945 (Showa 20). [Nomaru Sato] "Riku Gatsunan and Miyake Setsurei" edited by Masanao Kano ("Japanese Masterpieces 37", 1971, Chuokoron-Shinsha)" ▽ "Seikyosha Literature Collection" edited by Sannosuke Matsumoto ("Meiji Literature Collection 37", 1980, Chikuma Shobo)" [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
明治中期~大正期の国粋主義者の思想・文化団体。1888年(明治21)4月3日に志賀重昂(しがしげたか)、三宅雪嶺(みやけせつれい)、井上円了(えんりょう)、杉浦重剛(しげたけ)ら13名によって創設され、機関誌『日本人』(後継誌『亜細亜(アジア)』『日本及(および)日本人』)を発刊した。欧米文化の無批判的な模倣に反対し、大同団結運動に参加して立憲主義的な政治論を主張した。政府の欧化路線・条約改正に関しては、その欧米屈従の態度に反対して対外独立の国粋主義の立場をとり、日清(にっしん)戦争の開戦世論の喚起に努めた。初期は志賀、三宅が中心であったが、98年ごろより三宅が中心となった。陸羯南(くがかつなん)主宰の新聞『日本』グループと同傾向の思想をもち、同志的関係にあり、1907年(明治40)1月にこのグループを吸収して機関誌名を『日本及日本人』と改題した。23年(大正12)関東大震災直後に三宅が離脱したため、政教社の伝統は色あせたが、雑誌は45年(昭和20)2月まで刊行された。 [佐藤能丸] 『鹿野政直編『陸羯南・三宅雪嶺』(『日本の名著37』1971・中央公論社)』▽『松本三之介編『政教社文学集』(『明治文学全集37』1980・筑摩書房)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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