Anti-Buddhism - anti-Buddhism (English spelling)

Japanese: 排仏論 - はいぶつろん（英語表記）pái fó lùn

Attacks on Buddhism in China. When Buddhism was first introduced to China during the Han Dynasty, anti-Buddhist sentiment had not yet arisen. This was because Buddhism was trying to blend with China's native ideas and beliefs. However, during the Six Dynasties period, when Buddhism clarified its position and gained great ideological and social influence, anti-Buddhist sentiment began to be loudly shouted, and became even more intense through the debates between Taoism and Buddhism. In particular, the most powerful criticism was that the Buddhist custom of monasticism and shaving one's head was contrary to the ethics of filial piety. Other criticisms were directed at the unrealistic teachings of Buddhism, the theory of reincarnation in three lifetimes, the theory of retribution, and the theory of heaven and hell.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国における仏教攻撃論。仏教が伝来した当初の漢代には，排仏論はまだおこらなかった。仏教が中国固有の思想，信仰との融合につとめたからである。だが仏教が仏教としての立場を明らかにし，思想的，社会的に大きな影響力をもつにいたった六朝時代には，排仏論もやかましく叫ばれはじめ，とくに道教と仏教の論争を通じて一段とはげしさを増した。なかでも，仏教の出家主義と剃髪の風習が“孝”の倫理にもとるとの批判は有力であり，そのほか，仏説の非現実性，三世輪回（さんぜりんね）説，応報説，天堂地獄説などに批判がむけられた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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