Clair (English spelling) René Clair

Japanese: クレール - くれーる(英語表記)René Clair
Clair (English spelling) René Clair

French film director. His real name is René Chomette. Born in Paris on November 11th. He started out as a journalist, writing poems, plays, lyrics, and film criticism. He started out as an actor, but then made the avant-garde (pure) short films "Sleeping Paris" (1923) and "Intermission" (1924) before moving to directing. His masterpiece from the silent film era is the film adaptation of a vaudeville comedy "The Italian Barley Hat" (1927). The story is about a man running around Paris searching for a hat identical to that of a bride eaten by a horse, and the film excels in its amusing satire and witty, rhythmic cinematography. His first film of the talkie era, "Under the Roofs of Paris" (1930), is a masterpiece that made Clair's name known worldwide. The success of this film was due to the fact that the excessive sound was kept to a minimum, and the skillful editing of the sound and images was used to create an asynchronous sound and image effect that allowed the joy of Albert Préjean's singing of the chanson to fill the entire film. "Le Million" (1931) was a masterpiece of vaudeville film, and "Liberty for Us" (1931) was a delightful satirical comedy criticizing modern times. "Festival of Paris" (1932) is his representative Parisian film. After that, he went into a period of decline. He traveled to England and the United States, and returned to Japan after World War II with "Silence is Golden" (1947), and released several masterpieces, but his true worth was shown in the vaudeville culmination of "La Belle de la Nuit" (1952). In 1960, he was the first filmmaker to be elected as a member of the Academy, and he died in Paris on March 14, 1981.

[Tadashi Iijima]

Documents List of Director's Works

Sleeping Paris (1923)
Interlude (1924)
Italian Wheat Hat A hat made of Italian wheat (1927)
Under the Roofs of Paris (1930)
Le Million (1931)
Freedom for us À nous la liberté (1931)
Paris Festival Quatorze Juillet (1932)
The Last Millionaire (1934)
The Ghost Goes West (1935)
The Flame of New Orleans (1941)
I Married a Witch (1942)
Forever and a Day (1943)
Rene Clair's It Happened Tomorrow (1944)
And Then There Were None (1945)
Silence is golden (1947)
The Beauty of the Devil (1949)
Les belles de nuit (1952)
Knighthood of the Night The Grand Manoeuvres (1955)
Lilas Gate (1957)
French Women and Love (1960)

[References] | Freedom for Us | Paris Festival | Under the Roofs of Paris

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの映画監督。本名René Chomette。11月11日パリに生まれる。初めはジャーナリストとして詩、戯曲、歌詞、映画論などを書いた。俳優として映画入りしたが、前衛(純粋)映画の短編『眠るパリ』(1923)や『幕間』(1924)をつくって監督に転じた。彼のサイレント映画時代を代表する傑作は、ボードビル喜劇の映画化『イタリア麦の帽子』(1927)である。馬に食われた花嫁の帽子と同じ物を探してパリ中を駆け巡る話で、愉快な風刺と機知に富んだリズミカルな映画処理が秀抜であった。トーキー時代の第一作『巴里(パリ)の屋根の下』(1930)はクレールの名を世界的に広めた名作である。音声の氾濫(はんらん)を極力抑え、音声と映像の非同時的な巧みな編集効果により、アルベール・プレジャンの歌うシャンソンの楽しさを全編にみなぎらせた点に成功の原因があった。『ル・ミリオン』(1931)はボードビル映画の傑作、『自由を我等(われら)に』(1931)は現代批判の愉快な風刺喜劇だった。『巴里祭』(1932)は彼のパリ物の代表作品である。その後不振の時期がくる。イギリス、アメリカに渡り、第二次世界大戦後帰国して『沈黙は金』(1947)で華々しく復活、数本の名作を発表したが、『夜ごとの美女』(1952)のボードビル的集大成に彼の真価は発揮された。1960年映画人最初のアカデミー会員に選ばれ、1981年3月14日パリで没した。

[飯島 正]

資料 監督作品一覧

眠るパリ Paris qui dort(1923)
幕間 Entr'acte(1924)
イタリア麦の帽子 Un chapeau de paille d'Italie(1927)
巴里の屋根の下 Sous les toits de Paris(1930)
ル・ミリオン Le million(1931)
自由を我等に À nous la liberté(1931)
巴里祭 Quatorze Juillet(1932)
最後の億萬長者 Le dernier milliardaire(1934)
幽霊西へ行く The Ghost Goes West(1935)
焔の女 The Flame of New Orleans(1941)
奥様は魔女 I Married a Witch(1942)
提督の館 Forever and a Day(1943)
ルネ・クレールの明日を知った男 It Happened Tomorrow(1944)
そして誰もいなくなった And Then There Were None(1945)
沈黙は金 Le silence est d'or(1947)
悪魔の美しさ La beauté du diable(1949)
夜ごとの美女 Les belles de nuit(1952)
夜の騎士道 Les grandes manoeuvres(1955)
リラの門 Porte des Lilas(1957)
フランス女性と恋愛 La française et l'amour(1960)

[参照項目] | 自由を我等に | 巴里祭 | 巴里の屋根の下

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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