Land purchase certificate - baichiken (English)

Japanese: 買地券 - ばいちけん(英語表記)mǎi dì quàn
Land purchase certificate - baichiken (English)
This refers to a certificate of land purchase and sale, but in Chinese archaeology it is limited to documents that prove the purchase of a cemetery, and is often found as grave goods. It was practiced for a long time from the Later Han Dynasty until the early modern period. It was written on a slab of stone, brick, lead, jade, iron, etc., and the contents included the date, the address, name, surname, and age of the deceased, the location of the tomb, the price of the land, and the area of ​​the land. Some of the Han Dynasty documents seem to record actual situations, but later they began to record fictional situations in the underworld. In other words, they were Taoist in nature, instructing people to purchase land from Tianchi, and if a land dispute occurred, to appeal to the underworld god Tubo or the heavenly god Tiandi.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
土地の売買証明書をいうが,中国考古学では墓地を購入したことを証明する文書に限っていい,しばしば墓の副葬品として発見される。後漢以降,近世までながく行われた。石,塼(せん),鉛,玉,鉄などの板に記したもので,内容は年月日,被葬者の住所・氏名・姓別・年齢,墓の所在地,土地の値段,土地の範囲などからなる。漢代のものには実際の状況を記したらしいものもあるが,後には冥界での架空の状況を記すようになる。つまり,天地から土地を購入し,もし土地争いが起これば,地下の神である〈土伯〉や天上の神である〈天帝〉のところへ訴えよという道教的な内容である。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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