1693‐1740 Russian Empress. Reigned 1730-40. Daughter of Ivan V (Peter I's half-brother, nominal co-ruler from 1682-89). Married to the Duke of Courland in 1710, she lost her husband soon after, and ascended to the Russian throne after the death of Peter II (reigned 1727-30). When she ascended to the throne, she accepted the conditions of the Supreme Privy Council, including those of the nobleman DM Golitsyn, to limit the sovereign's power, but with the support of the general nobility, she quickly abandoned them, abolished the system of single-child inheritance for them, strengthened land ownership, established a military academy for the children of nobles, and relaxed service conditions. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1693‐1740 ロシアの女帝。在位1730‐40年。イワン5世(ピョートル1世の異母兄で,1682‐89年は名目上の共同統治者)の娘。1710年クールランド公に嫁してすぐ夫をうしない,ピョートル2世(在位1727‐30)の死後ロシアの帝位についた。即位の際,名門貴族D.M.ゴリーツィンなど最高枢密院の提示した君主権制限の条件を認めたが,一般貴族の支持ですぐこれを廃棄し,彼らのために一子相続制を廃し,土地所有権を強め,貴族子弟の陸軍幼年学校を設け,勤務条件を緩和した。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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