Carrier-based aircraft - Kansai (English spelling)

Japanese: 艦載機 - かんさいき(英語表記)carrier-based aircraft
Carrier-based aircraft - Kansai (English spelling)
A type of military aircraft. It is carried on a warship and takes off from the flight deck, or is launched from a catapult, or is lowered into the sea. In the Imperial Japanese Navy, aircraft carried on aircraft carriers were called "carrier-based aircraft," while seaplanes carried on other ships were called "carrier-based aircraft." Today, helicopters for anti-submarine, troop transport, minesweeping, and liaison purposes are often used. Until World War II, aircraft carriers mainly carried torpedo bombers, dive bombers, and fighters, but after military aircraft were converted to jets, fighter-bombers were the main focus, and attack aircraft, electronic warfare aircraft, early warning aircraft, and anti-submarine aircraft were also installed. Battleships, cruisers, and large submarines also carried seaplanes for bombing, ordnance observation, and reconnaissance. The first successful takeoff from a warship's flight deck was the civilian aviator Eugene Ely, who took off from the American cruiser Birmingham in 1910. The following year, in 1911, the first successful landing was made on the flight deck of the cruiser Pennsylvania. However, during World War I, landings were only possible in good weather, so seaplanes were the norm. The first large-scale air raid by carrier-based aircraft occurred on July 19, 1918, during World War I, when fighters from the British battlecruiser Furious attacked the Zeppelin airfield in Denmark.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
軍用機の一種。軍艦に搭載して,飛行甲板から発進するか,カタパルトから射出されるか,海上に降ろされて離水する。日本海軍では航空母艦 (空母) に搭載するものを艦上機,その他の艦船に搭載する主として水上機を艦載機と称した。今日では対潜用,兵員輸送用,掃海用あるいは連絡用のヘリコプタを積むことが多い。第2次世界大戦までは,空母には主として雷爆撃機,急降下爆撃機,戦闘機を搭載したが,軍用機がジェット化されてからは,戦闘爆撃機が中心で,攻撃機,電子戦機,早期警戒機,対潜機などが搭載されるようになった。また戦艦,巡洋艦,大型潜水艦などは爆撃,弾着観測,偵察を行なう水上機を搭載していた。軍艦の飛行甲板から初めて離艦に成功したのは 1910年,アメリカ合衆国の巡洋艦『バーミンガム』から飛び立った民間飛行家ユージン・エリーであった。翌 1911年には巡洋艦『ペンシルバニア』の飛行甲板を使って最初の着艦に成功した。しかし第1次世界大戦中は天候のよいときだけ着艦が行なわれたので,水上機が中心となった。艦載機による初めての大規模空襲は 1918年7月 19日,第1次世界大戦中にデンマークのツェッペリン飛行基地に対して,イギリスの巡洋戦艦『フュリアス』から発進した戦闘機が攻撃を加えたもの。

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