Liechtenstein

Japanese: リヒテンシュタイン
Liechtenstein
◎Official name: Principality of Liechtenstein. ◎Area: 160 km2 . ◎Population: 36,000 (2011). ◎Capital: Vaduz (5,200, 2011). ◎Residents: Mostly of German descent. ◎Religion: 80% Catholic, 8% Protestant. ◎Language: German (official). ◎Currency: Swiss Franc. ◎Head of state: Archduke Hans Adam II (born 1945, ascended to the throne November 1989). ◎Prime Minister: Adrian Hasler (inaugurated March 2012). ◎Constitution: Enacted October 1921, revised in 2003. ◎Parliament: Unicameral (25 seats, 4-year term). February 2013 election results: Progressive Citizens Party 10, Fatherland Union 8, Free List 3, and others. ◎GNP - $3,477 million (2005). ◎GNI per capita - $43,486 (2005). ◎Proportion of people employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing - 2% (1997). ◎Life expectancy - 68.4 years for men, 79.4 years for women (2005). ◎Infant mortality rate - 6.2‰ (2005). ◎Literacy rate - 100%. * *A principality in central Europe, surrounded by Switzerland and Austria in the Alps. The Rhine River flows along the western border, with lowlands in the north and mountains over 2000m above sea level in the south. Wheat and grapes are cultivated, and livestock are raised, as well as metal processing, silk weaving, and leather industries. Postage stamps issued for collectors are an important source of national revenue. The current principality was founded in 1719 when the Holy Roman Emperor annexed two principalities and gave them to the House of Liechtenstein, and it was a part of the Holy Roman Empire. After the collapse of the Empire in 1806, it joined the Confederation of the Rhine under Napoleon's protection, and in 1815 it joined the German Confederation. When the German Confederation was dissolved in 1866, it gained independence, and the following year it declared permanent neutrality. It was part of the Austrian Customs Union until 1918, but since then it has strengthened its ties with Switzerland. It has delegated diplomacy to Switzerland, and Switzerland also handles postal and telegraph services on its behalf. It joined the United Nations in 1990, and the EU in May 2004. In August 2004, head of state Hans-Adam II handed over real power to Crown Prince Alois.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
◎正式名称−リヒテンシュタイン公国Principality of Liechtenstein。◎面積−160km2。◎人口−3万6000人(2011)。◎首都−ファドゥーツVaduz(5200人,2011)。◎住民−ほとんどがドイツ系。◎宗教−カトリック80%,プロテスタント8%。◎言語−ドイツ語(公用語)。◎通貨−スイス・フランSwiss Franc。◎元首−大公,ハンス・アダム2世Hans Adam II(1945年生れ,1989年11月即位)。◎首相−アドリアン・ハスラー(2012年3月就任)。◎憲法−1921年10月制定,2003年改正。◎国会−一院制(定員25,任期4年)。2013年2月選挙結果,進歩市民党10,祖国連合8,自由リスト3ほか。◎GNP−34億7700万ドル(2005)。◎1人当りGNI−4万3486ドル(2005)。◎農林・漁業就業者比率−2%(1997)。◎平均寿命−男68.4歳,女79.4歳(2005)。◎乳児死亡率−6.2‰(2005)。◎識字率−100%。    *    *ヨーロッパ中部,アルプス山中のスイスとオーストリアに囲まれた公国。西部国境をライン川が流れ,北部は低地,南部には標高2000m以上の山地がある。小麦・ブドウの栽培,牧畜が行われ,金属加工,絹織物,皮革などの工業もある。収集家むけの郵便切手発行が重要な国家財源となっている。 1719年神聖ローマ皇帝が二つの公領を併合してリヒテンシュタイン家に与えたのが現在の公国の始まりで,神聖ローマ帝国の一員であった。1806年の帝国崩壊後,ナポレオンの保護下ライン同盟に参加し,1815年からはドイツ連邦に加わった。ドイツ連邦が解体した1866年独立し,翌年永世中立を宣言した。1918年まではオーストリア関税同盟に組みこまれていたが,それ以後はスイスとの関係を強めている。スイスに外交を委任し,郵便・電信などもスイスが代行している。1990年国連に加盟,2004年5月EUに加盟した。2004年8月元首ハンス・アダム2世は,実権をアロイス皇太子に委譲。

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