Umematsuron - Baishouron

Japanese: 梅松論 - ばいしょうろん
Umematsuron - Baishouron

A history book from the Northern and Southern Court period. 2 volumes. The author is said to have been a military commander with close ties to the Ashikaga clan, or someone connected to the Muromachi Shogunate, and it is estimated to have been written after 1352 (Shohei 7, Bunwa 1) but before 1387-88 (Genchu ​​4-5, Kakei 1-2). This book describes the events from the start of the turmoil of the Northern and Southern Courts to the establishment of the Shogunate by the brothers Ashikaga Takauji and Tadayoshi, and attempts to highlight the legitimacy of the early Muromachi government and the achievements of its generals based on facts, taking a view that contrasts with the Taiheiki, which is written from the perspective of the Southern Court. In this book, the theory of government includes two ideas: (1) the ideology of the ruler being virtuous, i.e., the principle of subjugating the people, and (2) the ideology of divine grandsons being the ruler, i.e., the principle of lineage. Ultimately, however, (2) is restrained by (1), which is based on the idea of ​​heaven. Therefore, this book evaluates the various phenomena that occurred in the historical world, especially the rulers who were in charge of government, first by (1), and then, within that scope, by (2). At this stage, it can be said that the view of history found in Gukansho and Jinno Shotoki, which holds that the course of history is predetermined by a transcendent divine will or law, has been largely overcome.

[Tadashi Ishige]

"New Japanese Classics Library 3: Umematsuron" edited by Kazuo Yashiro and Hiroshi Kami (1975, Gendai Shichosha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

南北朝時代の歴史書。2巻。著者は足利(あしかが)氏にかかわりの深い武将、あるいは室町幕府関係者とされ、成立は1352年(正平7・文和1)以後、1387~88年(元中4~5・嘉慶1~2)以前と推定されている。本書は、南北朝の動乱の起こりから足利尊氏(たかうじ)・直義(ただよし)兄弟が幕府を樹立するまでの経過を述べながら、初期室町政権の正当性や諸将の勲功を事実に基づいて顕揚しようとしたものであり、南朝側の視点にたつ『太平記(たいへいき)』とは対照的な見方をしている。本書の政道論には、〔1〕有徳者為君主義=撫民(ぶみん)仁政主義と、〔2〕神孫為君主義=血統主義が二つながら認められるが、究極的には〔2〕は天の思想に依拠する〔1〕に掣肘(せいちゅう)されるものであった。したがって本書は、歴史的世界に生起した諸現象、とりわけ政権を担当した為政者に対して、まず〔1〕によって、ついでその埒内(らちない)で〔2〕を踏まえて評価を下したのである。この段階で、超越的神意ないし理法が歴史の行方をあらかじめ決定しているとみる『愚管抄(ぐかんしょう)』『神皇正統記(じんのうしょうとうき)』的な歴史観は、ほぼ克服されたといえよう。

[石毛 忠]

『矢代和夫・加美宏校注『新撰日本古典文庫3 梅松論』(1975・現代思潮社)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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