Imagism - Imagism (English spelling)

Japanese: イマジズム - いまじずむ(英語表記)Imagism
Imagism - Imagism (English spelling)

A poetry movement that occurred in the United States and the United Kingdom from 1912 to 1917. Its goal was to restore clear and precise imagery to poetry. It was first used by E. W. L. Pound to describe a short poem by T. E. Hume that he included as an appendix to his collection of poems, Report (1912). Initially, it was written as imagism with a lowercase letter. According to Pound's "Imagist Dos and Don'ts 2 and 3" published in the poetry magazine Poetry the following year in 1913, and F. S. Flint's (1885-1960) "The Imagist Program," its three main features are: (1) To present intellectual and emotional complexes in an instant; (2) To cut back on excess and express concrete "things" themselves in clear words. (3) To reject conventional rhythm and create a new rhythm with musicality. This was strongly influenced by Japanese haiku and Chinese poetry, and can be said to be an attempt to approach the realm of painting as a literary movement. There was an intention to challenge the 19th century's conceptual and overly emotional poetry. Pound published the anthology De Gimagiste in 1914, introducing works by J. G. Fletcher, Aldington, A. Lowell, and Doolittle (known under the pseudonym H.D.). However, Pound later became dissatisfied with this movement's static nature and founded "Vorticism," which was criticized as "Amygism" and died down due to Lowell being at the center of it.

[Hiroshi Debuchi]

"The Discovery of Japan in Western Literature" by Earl Miner, translated by Motohiro Fukase and Yukio Oura (1959, Chikuma Shobo)

[References] | Aldington | Doolittle | Pound | Hulme | Fletcher | Lowell

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

1912年から1917年にかけてアメリカ、イギリスでおこった詩の運動。詩に明確で精密なイメージを回復させることを目標とする。E・W・L・パウンドが、その詩集『当意即妙(リポースト)』(1912)の巻末に付録としてあげたT・E・ヒュームの短詩について、このことばを用いたことに始まる。当初はimagismと小文字始まりで表記されていた。その特色は、翌1913年の詩誌『ポエトリ』掲載のパウンド著「1イマジストによるべからず集2・3」と、F・S・フリントFrank Stuart Flint(1885―1960)著「イマジスト綱領」によると次の三つである。(1)瞬間のうちに知的、情緒的な複合体を呈出すること。(2)余剰を切り詰めて、具体的な「事物」それ自体を明確なことばで表現すること。(3)因習的な韻律を排して、新しい音楽性をもった韻律を創始すること。これには日本の俳句、中国の詩などの影響が強く、文学運動として絵画の領域にできるだけ接近しようとした試みということができる。ここには、19世紀的な観念的で情緒過剰な詩への激しい挑戦の意図がある。パウンドは1914年に詞華集『デ・ジマジスト』を刊行し、J・G・フレッチャー、オルディントン、A・ローウェル、ドゥーリトル(H.D.の筆名で著名)らの作品を世に送った。しかし、その後パウンドは、この運動が静止的にすぎることに飽き足らず、「渦巻主義(ボーティシズム)」を創始し、ローウェルが中心となったため、「エイミジズム」などと悪口をいわれて下火になった。

[出淵 博]

『アール・マイナー著、深瀬基寛・大浦幸男訳『西洋文学の日本発見』(1959・筑摩書房)』

[参照項目] | オルディントン | ドゥーリトル | パウンド | ヒューム | フレッチャー | ローウェル

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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