Nutria - Nutria (English spelling) coypu

Japanese: ヌートリア - ぬーとりあ(英語表記)coypu
Nutria - Nutria (English spelling) coypu

It is a member of the order Rodentia and family Capromidae. It is found in South America in Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, and southern Brazil, and has naturalized in North America, East Asia, East Africa, and Europe. It lives on the shores of lakes and rivers with weak currents, and is a skilled swimmer who feeds mainly on aquatic plants. In 1939 (Showa 14), 150 were first imported to Japan as fur animals for the military, and by 1944, 40,000 were being kept in captivity. After the end of World War II, the demand for them disappeared, and those that were left abandoned became wild and have become naturalized in Okayama Prefecture, Kyoto Prefecture, Hyogo Prefecture, and other areas. It is also called Kairi-nezumi (sea rat) or Shori (marsh raccoon dog). Its head and body length is 43 to 63 cm, its tail length is 26 to 42 cm, and it weighs 6 to 10 kg. Its appearance is similar to that of a brown rat, but it is large and has small eyes and ears. Both front and back feet have five toes, but the first to fourth toes of the back feet are webbed. The long, coarse topcoat is yellowish brown or reddish brown, and the soft, fine undercoat is woolly and dark gray. The tail is sparsely haired and has exposed scales. They live in groups, digging holes in the banks near water. The gestation period is about 130 days, and they give birth two to three times a year. They give birth to an average of five babies, with 1 to 13 babies per birth. The babies weigh about 220 grams, have open eyes, and are furry. They have four pairs of nipples on the sides of their chest, but the mother only suckles them for five days. The babies can eat and swim within two to three days. They reach maturity three to four months after birth, and give birth six to seven months later. They live for six to seven years. Their fur is fine, similar to that of an otter.

[Tsuchiya Kimiyuki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱齧歯(げっし)目カプロミス科の動物。南アメリカのチリ、アルゼンチン、ウルグアイ、パラグアイ、ボリビア、ブラジル南部に分布し、北アメリカ、東アジア、東アフリカ、ヨーロッパなどに帰化している。湖沼や流れの弱い河川などの岸辺にすみ、巧みに泳ぎ水草を主食にしている。日本では1939年(昭和14)に軍用の毛皮獣として150頭が初めて輸入され、1944年には4万頭も飼育されていた。第二次世界大戦が終わると需要がなくなり、放置されたものが野生化し、岡山県や京都府、兵庫県などで帰化している。カイリネズミ(海狸鼠)、ショウリ(沼狸)ともよばれる。頭胴長43~63センチメートル、尾長26~42センチメートル、体重6~10キログラム。外形はドブネズミに似て、大形で目や耳は小さい。前・後足とも五指であるが、後足の第1~第4指間には水かきがある。体色は、長くて粗い上毛は黄褐色か赤褐色、柔らかくて上質の下毛は羊毛状で暗灰色である。尾にはまばらに毛が生えていて、鱗(うろこ)が裸出している。水辺の土手に穴を掘って、群れですむ。妊娠期間は130日ぐらいで、1年に2~3回出産する。1産1~13子、平均5子を産む。子は、体重が約220グラムもあって目は開き、毛が生えている。乳頭は胸部の体側に4対あるが、母親は5日間しか哺乳しない。子は2~3日で餌(えさ)を食べ、泳ぐことができる。生後3~4か月で成熟し、6~7か月後に出産する。寿命は6~7年。毛皮は、カワウソに似て上質である。

[土屋公幸]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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