New Model Army - New Model Army

Japanese: ニューモデル軍 - ニューモデルぐん

The army of the Parliamentarians in the Puritan Revolution in England. Established by an Act of Parliament in February 1645. Since the outbreak of the civil war, the Parliamentarian army was at a disadvantage against the King's army because of its lack of equipment and experience, and because the main militia forces were focused on self-defense for each state. To eliminate this deficiency, the central, eastern, and western states organized a state united army, but the military's top brass had a strong desire to avoid a decisive battle in order to achieve an early peace with the King, and this tendency became even stronger after the religious and military alliance with Scotland was concluded in 1643. In response to this, the independence faction led by Cromwell tried to remove the compromising Presbyterian military leaders through the Act of Resignation and decided to establish the New Model Army. This army was modeled after Cromwell's cavalry, which had been the core of the Eastern Allied Army, and had a total of 22,000 soldiers. Fairfax was appointed commander-in-chief and Cromwell was appointed second-in-command. From then on, the war tide turned overwhelmingly in favour of Parliament, and the Battle of Naseby solidified their victory in the civil war.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

英国，ピューリタン革命における議会派の軍隊。1645年２月，議会条例によって設置。内戦勃発以来の議会軍は装備と経験の不足，主力の民兵軍がそれぞれの州の自衛に重点をおいたため，国王軍に対して劣勢を余儀なくされた。この欠陥を除去するために，中部，東部，西部の諸州は州連合軍を編成したが，軍の上層部には国王との早期講和をはかるために決戦を回避しようとする意向が強く，この傾向は1643年スコットランドとの宗教・軍事同盟が結ばれた後にいっそう強くなった。これに反発してクロムウェルを中心にした独立派は〈辞退条例〉によって妥協的な長老派軍幹部の排除をはかるとともに，ニューモデル軍の設置をきめた。この軍隊は東部連合軍の中核として活躍していたクロムウェルの騎兵隊を模範として，総兵員数２万2000で，フェアファクスが総司令官に，クロムウェルが副司令官に就任した。以後，戦局は圧倒的に議会側に有利に展開し，ネーズビーの戦で内乱の勝利を不動にした。
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