Eight diseases - Hachibyo

Japanese: 八病 - はちびょう

〘Noun〙 ('Byō' means something abominable, a defect, etc.) ① = happei (eight diseases) ② Refers to the eight types of poetic diseases that were determined in Japanese poetry studies under the influence of ①, namely, doshin, ranshi, rancho, nagisa-ko, hanatachibana, rougi, chuto, and hanabi. They were established based on the seven diseases in the Utakyo Hyōshiki and the 28 diseases in the Bunkyōhifuron. They are explained in the Wakashiki (Magohimeshiki) and elsewhere. As it is an idea that imitates shibyō, many of them do not correspond to the actual expressions in waka, and later, except for doshinbyō, they were generally not taken into consideration. [Magohimeshiki (possibly after the 10th century)]

Happei [eight diseases]

[noun] A rule on the rhythm of poetry put forward by Shen Yue of the Liang Dynasty during the Six Dynasties period in China. Eight points in terms of rhythm that should be avoided in order to maintain harmony within a line. These are the flat head, upper tail, bee-waist, crest, large rhyme, small rhyme, side string, and main string. This theory became the basis for the establishment of modern-style poetry during the Tang dynasty. Eight diseases of poetry. Poetry disease. *Sakubun Daitai (around 1108): "In general poetry there are _two or eight diseases. The four _diseases that _{should be} avoided are the flat head, upper tail, bee-waist, crest, and these four diseases." [Canglang Shihua - Poetry Style]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (「病」は忌むべきこと、欠点などの意)① ＝はっぺい（八病）② ①の影響を受けて日本の歌学で定められた八種の歌病、すなわち、同心・乱思・欄蝶・渚鴻・花橘・老楓・中飽・後悔をさす。「歌経標式」の七病、「文鏡秘府論」の二八病などをもとにして設けられたもの。和歌式（孫姫式）その他に説かれている。詩病を模倣した考え方なので、和歌の表現の実際に即さないものが多く、のちには同心病以外概して顧みられなくなった。〔孫姫式（１０Ｃ後か）〕

はっ‐ぺい【八病】

〘名〙中国、六朝時代梁の沈約(しんやく)によって唱えられた詩の音律上の法則。句中の調和を保つために、声律の上で避けるべき八つの点。すなわち、平頭・上尾・蜂腰・鶴膝・大韻・小韻・旁紐・正紐をいう。唐代にはいって近体詩が成立する基礎となった理論。詩八病。詩病。※作文大体（1108頃か）「凡詩有_二八病_一。其尤可_レ避者、平頭、上尾、蜂腰、鶴膝、此四病也」〔滄浪詩話‐詩体〕

出典　精選版日本国語大辞典精選版日本国語大辞典について　情報

<<: Pachelbel

>>: Eight minutes - Hachibu