Benzoin - Gum benzoin

Japanese: 安息香 - あんそくこう(英語表記)gum benzoin
Benzoin - Gum benzoin

It is a type of resin that is naturally produced in the highlands of the Indochina Peninsula and on the island of Sumatra, and is harvested by making cuts in the trunks of plants of the Styrax family. It is usually a smooth, gray-brown lump. The ingredients and the type of plant that secretes the resin vary depending on the place of origin, and Siamese benzoin and Sumatran benzoin are well known. The main components of Siamese benzoin are esters of benzoic acid and two types of resin alcohols (benzoresinol and ciaresinotannol), while Sumatran benzoin is mainly composed of cinnamic acid esters of the two types of resin alcohols mentioned above, and also contains free benzoic acid. Siamese benzoin has a vanilla-like aroma, while Sumatran benzoin has a cinnamic aroma. It is used as a raw material for benzoic acid, as a fragrance, in medicines such as tinctures and ointments, and as a preservative.

[Masahiro Hirota]

[Reference] | Benzoic acid | Styracaceae | Ester

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インドシナ半島の高原およびスマトラ島で天然に産する樹脂の一種で、エゴノキ科の植物の樹幹に傷をつけて採取する。通常、灰褐色をした平滑な塊である。産地により成分や樹脂を分泌する植物の種類が異なっていて、シャム安息香、スマトラ安息香などがよく知られている。シャム安息香の主成分は安息香酸と2種類の樹脂アルコール(ベンゾレジノールとシアレジノタンノール)のエステルであり、スマトラ安息香は前出の2種類の樹脂アルコールのケイ皮酸エステルが主成分で、このほかに遊離安息香酸などを含んでいる。シャム安息香はバニラに似た芳香、スマトラ安息香はケイヒに似た芳香をもつ。用途は、安息香酸の原料、香料、チンキ剤や軟膏(なんこう)などの医薬品、防腐剤などである。

[廣田 穰]

[参照項目] | 安息香酸 | エゴノキ科 | エステル

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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