Niutsuhime Shrine

Located in Kamiamano, Katsuragi-cho, Ito-gun, Wakayama Prefecture. The main deity enshrined is Nyutsuhime-no-Okami, and the shrine also enshrines Koya no Miko no Okami, Ogetsuhime-no-Okami, and Ichikishimahime-no-Okami, so it is also called Nyu Shisho Myojin. It is also called Amano Shrine. Niutsuhime-no-Okami is the mother of the Emperor's grandson Ninigi-no-Mikoto, and according to a fragment of the Harima no Kuni Fudoki, when Empress Jingu was pacifying Silla, she was able to achieve victory thanks to the oracle of the great god, so the Empress held a ceremony to pray at this shrine's former location, Tsutsukawa Fujishiro-no-Mine, Kii Province (Koyasan Town). The name of Amano Hafuri (later Niu-no-Muri), who enshrined this god, also appears in the section on Empress Jingu in the Nihon Shoki. In 883 (Gangei 7), she was promoted to the rank of Ju-shi-jo, and this ancient shrine is listed as a Myojin Taisha in the Engishiki Shinmeicho. Mount Koya was originally the domain of this god, but in 816 (Kōnin 7), Kongo-buji Temple was founded at the request of Kukai, and Nyutsuhime-no-Okami and Koya-no-Miko-no-Okami became the local deities of Mount Koya as Nyu-Ryosho. The shrine was known for its miraculous powers during the Mongol invasion, and was given a donation of land in recognition of its merit. It was formerly a government-sponsored shrine. Its annual festival is held on October 16th, and the Onda Festival on January 14th is famous. The main hall and tower gate are designated as important cultural properties of Japan, and the shrine has many treasures, including the national treasure of the silver and bronze Hirumaki Tachigoshirae, a gilt bronze biwa, four pairs of wooden lion dogs, and a portable shrine.

[Toshihiko Uda]

"Manuscript of Kurokawa Shunson, edited by Uda Toshihiko, "Norito Taisei: Nyu Daimyojin Tsukumon" (1978, Igakudo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

和歌山県伊都(いと)郡かつらぎ町上天野(かみあまの)に鎮座。丹生都比売大神を主祭神とし、高野御子大神(こうやのみこのおおかみ)、大食都比売(おおげつひめ)大神、市杵島比売(いちきしまひめ)大神を配祀(はいし)するので丹生四所(ししょ)明神ともいう。天野(あまの)神社とも称される。丹生都比売大神は皇孫瓊瓊杵尊(ににぎのみこと)の母神にあたり、『播磨国風土記(はりまのくにふどき)』逸文によれば、神功(じんぐう)皇后の新羅(しらぎ)平定のおり大神の神託で勝利を収めることができたので、皇后が当社の旧鎮座地、紀伊国管川藤代之峯(つつかわふじしろのみね)（高野町）に鎮祭したとある。またこの神を祀(まつ)った天野祝(はふり)（のち丹生祝）の名は『日本書紀』神功皇后の条にもみられる。883年（元慶7）従(じゅ)四位上に昇階、『延喜式(えんぎしき)』神名帳に名神大社と登載されている古社。高野山(こうやさん)は、もとこの神の領地であったのを、816年（弘仁7）空海の奏請により金剛峯寺(こんごうぶじ)が開創され、丹生都比売大神と高野御子大神は丹生両所として高野山の地主神となった。蒙古(もうこ)襲来に際して霊験著しく、その功により社領を寄進された。旧官幣大社。例祭10月16日。1月14日の御田(おんだ)祭は有名。本殿と楼門は国の重要文化財に指定され、国宝の銀銅蛭巻太刀拵(ひるまきたちごしらえ)のほか、国重要文化財の金銅琵琶(びわ)、木造狛犬(こまいぬ)四対、神輿(みこし)など、社宝は多い。

［菟田俊彦］

『黒川春村写本、菟田俊彦編『祝詞大成　丹生大明神告門』（1978・以学堂）』

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