This refers to the patient's medical history up until the time of examination. In order to accurately diagnose a disease, it is necessary to obtain a detailed medical history. The patient is asked to tell the truth, and the doctor grasps the main points and relates them to the current symptoms to narrow the focus. In cases of diseases accompanied by impaired consciousness, the patient will not be able to describe the circumstances at the time of the seizure, so the words of the attendant are taken into consideration fully. It is important to understand the patient's medical history by interviewing them in a set order, without missing anything. In other words, family history questions include whether or not grandparents, parents, and siblings had any illnesses, causes of death, and genetic and constitutional burdens. Medical history questions usually include the circumstances at the time of birth, past illnesses, menstruation, lifestyle, occupation, and hobbies. [Yoshiro Inoue] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
診察時に至るまでの患者の病歴をいう。疾病の診断を正確に下すため、既往症の採取は微に入り細をうがつ必要がある。患者にありのままを語らせ、医師がその要点をつかみ、現症と関係づけて焦点を絞っていく。意識障害を伴う疾病などでは、発作時の状況を語ることができないので、付添い人の言を十分に参考にする。 既往症の把握は、問診によって一定の順序に従い、遺漏なく聴取することがたいせつである。すなわち、家族歴として、祖父母、両親、兄弟姉妹についての疾病の有無、死因、また、遺伝的・体質的負荷を問う。既往症として、出生時の状況や、経過した疾病、月経、生活様式、職業、嗜好(しこう)品などを聴取するのが通例である。 [井上義朗] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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