Nickel Carbonyl

Japanese: ニッケルカルボニル

Nickel tetracarbonyl [Ni(CO) ₄ ] was discovered in 1890 by L. Mond et al. as the first metal carbonyl. It is obtained by passing CO over active nickel metal at room temperature. It is a colorless liquid with good fluidity and toxicity. Melting point -25 °C, boiling point 43 °C. Vapor pressure 34.8 kPa (15 °C). Density 1.31 g cm ^-3 (20 °C). Critical temperature 195 °C. Critical pressure 3.0 MPa. It is unstable in air and is oxidized while generating CO. It also decomposes when heated to produce nickel metal. Mond used this property to refine nickel. It is soluble in most organic solvents, but insoluble in water, dilute acids, and alkaline solutions. CO is coordinated around nickel in a regular tetrahedron, Ni-CO is linear, Ni-C0.184 nm, C-O0.115 nm. It is used as a catalyst for high-pressure acetylene polymerization, oxo reaction, etc. Other nickel carbonyl compounds include [Ni ₂ (CO) ₆ ] ^2- , [Ni ₄ (CO) ₉ ] ^2- , and other compounds with other ligands, such as [Ni(CO) ₃ (SbCl ₃ )] and [Ni(CO) ₂ {P(C ₆ H ₅ ) ₃ }]. [CAS 12612-55-4:Ni(CO) ₄ ]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

テトラカルボニルニッケル[Ni(CO)₄]は，1890年，L. Mond(モンド)らにより最初の金属カルボニルとして発見された．活性なニッケル金属上に常温でCOを通して得られる．流動性のよい有毒な無色の液体．融点－25 ℃，沸点43 ℃．蒸気圧34.8 kPa(15 ℃)．密度1.31 g cm^－3(20 ℃)．臨界温度195 ℃．臨界圧力3.0 MPa．空気中で不安定で，COを発生しながら酸化される．また，熱により分解してニッケル金属を生じる．Mondはこの性質を利用してニッケルの精錬を行った．大部分の有機溶媒に可溶，水，希酸，アルカリ水溶液に不溶．COはニッケルのまわりに正四面体に配位し，Ni-C-Oは直線形，Ni-C0.184 nm，C-O0.115 nm．高圧アセチレン重合，オキソ反応などの触媒として用いられる．ニッケルカルボニル化合物としては，このほかに [Ni₂(CO)₆]^2－，[Ni₄(CO)₉]^2－や，ほかの配位子が共存している[Ni(CO)₃(SbCl₃)]，[Ni(CO)₂{P(C₆H₅)₃}]など多種類のものが知られている．[CAS 12612-55-4:Ni(CO)₄]