Nikolayev, Andriyan Grigoryevich

Japanese: ニコラエフ(英語表記)Nikolayev, Andriyan Grigoryevich
Nikolayev, Andriyan Grigoryevich
Born: September 5, 1929, Shoshel, Chuvash Autonomous Republic
[Died] July 3, 2004. Cosmonaut from the Cheboksary Soviet Union, Chuvash Republic. Born as the son of a collective farm worker, he studied and worked at the forestry department, but was drafted into the army in 1950. He had an interest in flying from an early age, and in 1954 he was transferred to the Air Force and became a pilot. He joined the Soviet Communist Party in 1957, and in March 1960 he participated in cosmonaut training, and in 1964 he became the commander of the Soviet cosmonaut detachment. He piloted Vostok 3, which was launched on August 11, 1962, and together with cosmonaut Pavel R. Popovich of Vostok 4, which was launched the following day, the first time in the world that two manned satellites existed in outer space at the same time. The two communicated by radio and visual contact, but did not attempt to dock with each other, and returned to Earth on August 15. On November 3, 1963, he married Valentina V. Tereshkova, who had become the world's first woman in space in June of that year. They had one child, but divorced shortly thereafter. He boarded Soyuz 9, which was launched on June 1, 1970, with Vitaly Sevastyanov, and set a record of 424 hours and 59 minutes in space. The mission of this flight, which was to investigate the effects of prolonged space flight, ended with the return of both astronauts to Earth on June 19.

Nikolaev
Nikolayev

The capital of Nikolaev Oblast in southern Ukraine. It is located on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea, on the eastern bank of the South Bug River estuary. After Russia annexed the Black Sea coast, it was built as a military port in 1788 near the site of the ancient Greek colony of Olbia. It opened as a commercial port in 1862, and a railway was opened in 1873. It is one of the most important ports on the Black Sea, and ships iron ore from Krivoy Rog in the hinterland, as well as grain from the vast steppe region. Industrial facilities include Ukraine's largest shipbuilding plant, a cement plant, factories for civil engineering machinery, pumps, roller bearings, meat, hosiery, and leather processing, and a large alumina plant on the outskirts. It has educational and cultural facilities such as a shipbuilding university, a pedagogical university, an art museum, and a local museum. Population: 512,000 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1929.9.5. チュバシ自治共和国,ショーシェリー
[没]2004.7.3. チュバシ共和国,チェボクサルイ
ソビエト連邦の宇宙飛行士。集団農場の労働者の息子として生まれ,森林局で学びながら働いていたが 1950年に陸軍に徴兵される。早くから飛行への興味をもち続け,1954年に空軍へ移籍され飛行士となった。 1957年にソビエト共産党に入党,1960年3月には宇宙飛行士の訓練に参加し,1964年からはソビエト宇宙飛行士分隊の司令官となった。 1962年8月 11日に打ち上げられたボストーク 3号にパイロットとして乗り込み,翌 12日に打ち上げられたボストーク4号の宇宙飛行士パベル・R.ポポビッチとともに2機の有人衛星船が同時に宇宙空間に存在するという世界初の快挙を達成した。両者は電波と視認による連絡を行なったが,衛星船同士のドッキングを試みるまでにはいたらず8月 15日に地球に帰還した。 1963年 11月3日,その年の6月に世界初の女性宇宙飛行士となったバレンチナ・V.テレシコワと結婚。1子をもうけたが,その後まもなく離婚。 1970年6月1日打ち上げられたソユーズ 9号にビタリー・セバスチャノフとともに乗り込み,424時間 59分という宇宙滞在の記録を残した。長期化する宇宙飛行の影響を確かめることを使命とするこの飛行は6月 19日に両飛行士が地球に帰還することで終了した。

ニコラエフ
Nikolayev

ウクライナ南部,ニコラエフ州の州都。黒海北西岸,南ブーグ川河口の三角江の東岸に位置する。ロシアの黒海沿岸部併合後,古代ギリシアの植民市オルビアがあった地の近くに 1788年に軍港として建設された。 1862年商業港としても開港,73年には鉄道が開通。黒海における最も重要な港の一つで,後背のクリボイログの鉄鉱石,広大なステップ地帯からの穀物などを積出す。工業はウクライナ最大の造船をはじめ,セメント・プラント,土木用機械,ポンプ,ローラベアリングなどの工場や,食肉,メリヤス,皮革加工などの工場があり,郊外に大規模なアルミナ・プラントが立地する。造船大学,教育大学,美術館,郷土博物館などの教育・文化施設をもつ。人口 51万 2000 (1991推計) 。

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