Six schools of Buddhism in the Nara period. A general term for Hosso, Sanron, Kusha, Jojitsu, Kegon, and Ritsu. These were brought to Japan by monks who traveled to Tang China with Japanese envoys, and were part of the Buddhism that developed mainly in the Tang Dynasty. The order of their introduction was as follows: Dosho first introduced the Hosso sect, founded by Tripitaka Xuanzang, and then Doji learned the Sanron sect from Kajo Daishi Kichizo of the Sui dynasty and passed it on. In addition to these, the Kusha sect, which studied the Abhidharma-ron, and the Joji sect, which focused on the Joji-ron, were also introduced. These sects were centered on Buddhist treatises, and the one centered on sutras was the Kegon sect, based on the Dahokobutsu Kegonkyo (the Great Avatamsaka Sutra) by the Tang Dynasty's Master Kenju Daishi Hozo, and was introduced by Shinsho of Silla. Roben, who learned from Shinsho, founded Todaiji Temple together with Emperor Shomu and enshrined the principal image of the Kegon Sutra, Vairocana Buddha. Emperor Shomu in particular sent Eiyo of Kofukuji Temple and Fusho of Daianji Temple to seek precepts from Tang, encouraging Ganjin, who lived in the Daming Temple in Yangzhou, to promote the future of the Ritsu sect. Ganjin made up his mind and, after surviving five shipwrecks from 743 (Tenpo 2), arrived in Japan in 753 and introduced the Ritsu sect to Japan. [Teikai Hiraoka] [References] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
奈良時代の六つの学派仏教。すなわち法相(ほっそう)宗、三論(さんろん)宗、倶舎(くしゃ)宗、成実(じょうじつ)宗、華厳(けごん)宗、律(りっ)宗の総称。これらは、唐を中心として発達した仏教が、遣唐使とともに唐に渡った留学僧によってもたらされたものである。その伝来の順は、まず玄奘三蔵(げんじょうさんぞう)の開いた法相宗を道昭(どうしょう)が伝え、ついで道慈(どうじ)が隋(ずい)の嘉祥大師吉蔵(かじょうだいしきちぞう)より三論宗を学んでこれを伝えた。さらに、これらとともに倶舎論を学ぶ倶舎宗や、成実論を主とする成実宗なども伝わった。これらは仏教の論を中心とした宗で、経を中心としたものは、唐の賢首大師法蔵(けんじゅだいしほうぞう)の開いた『大方広仏華厳経(だいほうこうぶつけごんきょう)』に基づく華厳宗が新羅(しらぎ)の審祥(しんじょう)によって伝えられた。そこで審祥に学んだ良弁(ろうべん)は、聖武(しょうむ)天皇とともに東大寺を創建して、華厳経の本尊の毘盧舎那仏(びるしゃなぶつ)を安置した。とくに聖武天皇は戒律を唐に求めるために興福寺の栄叡(ようえい)と大安(だいあん)寺の普照(ふしょう)を遣わして、揚州の大明寺(だいみょうじ)に住していた鑑真(がんじん)に律宗の将来を促した。鑑真は意を決して743年(天宝2)より五度の遭難を乗り越えて753年に渡来し、日本に律宗を伝えた。 [平岡定海] [参照項目] | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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