Tokugawa Yoshinao

A feudal lord in the early Edo period. Ieyasu's ninth son. Founder of the Owari clan, the head of the Gosanke family. Born on November 28, 1600, in the Nishinomaru of Osaka Castle, to Okame no Kata (Soin), the daughter of Shimizu Munekiyo, a priest at Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine. His childhood name was Chijiyomaru, later Gorotamaru. In 1603 (Keicho 8), he was given 250,000 koku in Kofu, and in 1606, he came of age and took the name Yoshitomo, before changing his name to Yoshitoshi a short time later. The following year, he became the lord of Kiyosu Castle in Owari (Aichi Prefecture) with a stipend of 539,000 koku. In 1610, he became the lord of the newly built Nagoya Castle. He participated in the Winter and Summer Sieges of Osaka with Ieyasu, and in 1582 (Genwa 1), he married the daughter of Asano Yoshinaga and was given an increased stipend of 619,000 koku. After Ieyasu's death the following year, he left Sunpu and entered Owari for the first time. In 1821, he changed his name to Yoshinao, and in 1826 (Kan'ei 3), he became a provisional chief counselor of state with the rank of Junior Second Rank. He loved learning and encouraged Confucianism, and built a Confucius shrine within the castle. His works include "Jingi Hoten" and "Ruiju Nihongi." He died in Edo on May 7, 1645. His grave is at Mizunomura Joko-ji Temple (Seto City, Aichi Prefecture).

[Akira Takagi]

"Ieyasu's Family Leaves" by Takaya Nakamura (1965, Kodansha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸初期の大名。家康の第9子。御三家の筆頭尾張(おわり)家の祖。慶長(けいちょう)5年11月28日大坂城西丸(にしのまる)で石清水八幡宮(いわしみずはちまんぐう)の神官志水宗清(しみずむねきよ)の娘お亀の方（相応院）を母として生まれる。幼名は千々世丸、のち五郎太丸。1603年（慶長8）甲府25万石を与えられ、06年元服して義知(よしとも)と名のり、しばらくして義利(よしとし)と改名。翌年尾張（愛知県）清洲(きよす)城主となり53万9000石。10年、新たに築かれた名古屋城主となる。大坂冬・夏の陣には家康とともに参加し、15年（元和1）浅野幸長(よしなが)の娘と結婚し、61万9000石に加増。翌年の家康の死後に駿府(すんぷ)を離れて初めて尾張に入国した。21年義直と改名し、26年（寛永3）従(じゅ)二位権大納言(ごんだいなごん)。学を好み儒教を奨励し、城内に孔子廟(びょう)を営んだ。著書『神祇(じんぎ)宝典』『類聚(るいじゅう)日本紀』など。慶安(けいあん)3年5月7日江戸に没した。墓は水野村定光(じょうこう)寺（愛知県瀬戸(せと)市）。

［高木昭作］

『中村孝也著『家康の族葉』（1965・講談社）』

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