Pear - Pyrus spp.; pear

Japanese: ナシ(梨) - ナシ（英語表記）Pyrus spp.; pear

A general term for the genus Pyrus in the family Rosaceae. There are more than a dozen kinds of fruit trees that are usually eaten, but in Japan, the cultivars that are cultivated are usually those that were developed from the wild pear P. pyrifolia . Wild wild pears are deciduous trees that grow in the mountains of western Japan, and have narrow, ovate leaves that are 7-10 cm long and grow alternately. The young leaves and branches are densely covered with soft hairs. In spring, they produce bunches of white flowers with 3-5 cm stalks, followed by brown, spherical fruits that are 2-3 cm in diameter. The pear species P. pyrifolia var. culta , which is thought to have been developed based on the wild pear, has large, wide leaves and fruits that can reach a diameter of more than 10 cm. Many cultivars have been produced, including Chojuro and Nijisseiki. In addition to this species, cultivars based on the blue pear P. ussuriensis var. hondoensis , which grows wild in the Chubu region and north of Japan, were also cultivated in the past, but are rarely seen today. There are also cultivars based on European pear, P. ussuriensis , and others (called Chinese pears).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

バラ科ナシ属の総称。普通食用にされる十数種の果樹をさすが，日本で栽培されるのは通常ヤマナシ P. pyrifoliaから改良された品種群である。野生のヤマナシは西日本の山地にある落葉高木で，長さ7～10cmの狭卵形の葉を互生する。若い葉や枝に軟毛が密生している。春に，3～5cmの柄のある白花を束状につけ，径2～3cmの褐色球形の果実をつける。このヤマナシをもとに改良されたと考えられるナシ類 P. pyrifolia var. cultaは葉が大型で幅広く，果実は径 10cm以上にもなる。長十郎，二十世紀などをはじめ多くの品種を生じた。この類のほかに日本の中部地方以北に野生するアオナシ P. ussuriensis var. hondoensisをもととした品種群も古くは栽培されたが現在はほとんどみられない。このほかセイヨウナシ (西洋梨)，ホクシヤマナシ P. ussuriensisなどをもととする品種群 (シナナシ〈支那梨〉という) もある。

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