French painter. Born in Paris. Initially influenced by Impressionism, Gauguin, Cezanne, and Cubism. In 1907, he met Sonia (Terk) (1885-1979), born in Ukraine, and married her in 1910. Sonia started out in a Fauvist style under the influence of Van Gogh and Gauguin, but around the time of their marriage, the two of them began to focus on color, movement, and light, which were lacking in the static Cubism of Picasso and others, and probably under mutual influence, they established a style that Apollinaire would later name "Orphism." Robert's works, such as "City of Paris" (1910-12), feature modern elements such as the Eiffel Tower and airplanes. Furthermore, around 1912-14, both of them reached a painting composition using prismatic color planes, especially toric color planes, creating the first abstract paintings in France and influencing Klee. He later experimented with applying abstract painting to architectural decoration, such as creating murals for the Paris World's Fair in 1937. He died in Montpellier. His wife, Sonia, was particularly active in the field of textile design, and after the Second World War she founded the Salon des Réalités Nouvelles, which Robert had envisioned during his lifetime, together with Arp and Sophie Taeuber. [Kimio Nakayama] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの画家。パリ生まれ。初め印象主義、ゴーギャン、セザンヌ、キュビスムなどの影響を受ける。1907年、ウクライナ生まれのソニアSonia (Terk)(1885―1979)と出会い、1910年に結婚した。ソニアはゴッホ、ゴーギャンの影響下にフォーブ的作風から出発するが、結婚前後から両者の関心は、色彩と運動と光という、ピカソたちの静止的キュビスムに欠けていた課題に取り組み、おそらくは相互的な影響下に、アポリネールによってやがて「オルフィスム」と名づけられることになる作風を確立するに至った。『都市パリ』(1910~12)などにみられるような、エッフェル塔、飛行機などの近代的要素を取り上げたロベールの諸作品がそれである。さらに両者とも12~14年ごろ、プリズム的な色面、とくに円環形の色面による絵画構成に達し、フランスにおける最初の抽象絵画を生み出し、クレーに影響を与えた。その後は37年のパリ万国博覧会の壁画を制作するなど、抽象絵画の建築装飾への適用を試みている。モンペリエに没。 妻のソニアは、とくにテキスタイル・デザインなどで活躍し、第二次世界大戦後には、生前ロベールが構想していたサロン・デ・レアリテ・ヌーベルを、アルプやソフィー・トイバーたちと創立している。 [中山公男] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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