Generally speaking, it means dropping out of some social or collective activity (or a dropout or a dropout), but especially in relation to the education system, it often refers to dropping out or someone who has dropped out of the normal course of education. For example, a long-term absentee in junior high school, or a dropout from high school or university. Therefore, this word originally had connotations of social maladjustment and delinquency, and was usually used in a negative sense. However, since the late 1960s, it has often been used with a positive connotation in relation to the counterculture movement in advanced industrial societies. In this case, the aspect of rejecting the competition to get into school and the competition to get ahead (and the orthodox values of modern industrial society behind them) and voluntarily dropping out to try a new, free way of life is emphasized. For example, the hippie phenomenon was one manifestation of this. [Shun Inoue] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般的には、なんらかの社会的・集団的活動から脱落すること(または脱落者、落後者)を意味するが、とくに教育制度との関連で、通常の教育コースからの脱落または脱落者をさすことが多い。たとえば中学校における長期欠席(者)、高等学校や大学の中途退学(者)など。したがって、このことばには、もともと、社会的不適応や非行などを連想させる含みがあり、否定的な意味合いで使われるのが普通であった。しかし1960年代後半以降は、先進的産業社会における対抗文化counterculture運動との関連で、むしろ肯定的な意味合いを込めて使われることも多くなった。この場合には、進学競争や出世競争(さらには、その背後にある現代産業社会の正統的価値観)を拒否し、そこから自発的に脱落することによって新しい自由な生き方を試みるという側面が強調される。たとえばヒッピー現象などはその一つの表れであった。 [井上 俊] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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