Chinese medicine - Kanpo

Japanese: 漢方 - かんぽう

A treatment-centered medicine that was introduced from China and developed uniquely in Japan. Its development was particularly remarkable during the Edo period, when many schools, including Koiho, were born and it was called Kampo in contrast to Western or Western medicine. Currently, in China, traditional medicine is called traditional Chinese medicine or national medicine. Kampo is mainly drug therapy (herbal medicine), and also includes manual therapy such as acupuncture and moxibustion. Its distinctive feature is that, while modern Western medicine is analytical and tends to emphasize local lesions, Kampo is comprehensive and attempts to heal local lesions by harmonizing the whole body. It also emphasizes individual differences in patients and the fluid changes in their condition, and treatment changes accordingly. Therefore, its primary purpose is to determine what treatment is best for the patient and their symptoms, based on criteria different from Western medical diagnosis. Many of the theories of Kampo are conceptual, based on the theory of Yin-Yang and the five elements, but in reality it developed as an empirical medical art. It was overwhelmed by Western medicine after the Meiji period, but its advantages are being rediscovered in recent years.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

中国から伝来し，日本で独自の発展を遂げた治療中心の医学。特に江戸時代の発展がめざましく，古医方を初めとする諸流派が生まれ，蘭方あるいは洋方の医学に対して漢方と呼ばれた。現在，中国では自国の伝統医学を中医学，国医学などと称している。漢方は薬物療法（漢方薬）が主で，ほかにはり，灸(きゅう)などの用手療法がある。その特色は，近代西洋医学が分析的であり，局所の病変を重視する傾向のあるのに対し，総合的であり，全身の調和を整えることにより局所の病変をなおそうとする点にある。また病人の個人差と病状の流動的変化を重視し，療法もこれに応じて変化する。そのため西洋医学的診断とは異なった基準により，その患者の，その症状群に対してどのような療法が最適かを決定するのを第一義とする。漢方の理論には陰陽五行説を根底とする観念的なものも多いが，実際には経験主義的な医術として発展した。明治以降，西洋医学に圧倒されたが，最近はその長所が再認識されつつある。
→関連項目オウバク（黄柏）｜葛根湯｜経絡｜血｜小柴胡湯｜西洋医学所｜疝気｜蟾酥

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