On October 21, 1805, off the coast of Cape Trafalgar in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, Nelson's British fleet defeated the combined French and Spanish fleet commanded by Admiral Pierre Charles Jean, Baptiste Sylvestre de Villeneuve (1763-1806). Aware that Villeneuve's fleet, anchored in the Spanish port of Cadiz, was heading for Naples, Nelson waited off the coast of Cape Trafalgar near Cadiz. Villeneuve's fleet of 33 battleships changed course to the north when they saw the British fleet, but Nelson divided his 27-ship British fleet into two groups, 15 under his own command and 12 under his second-in-command Cuthbert Collingwood (1748-1810), and, raising a signal from his flagship Victory saying "England expects every man to do his duty," approached the enemy from the west, dividing the enemy fleet and attacking. As a result, he achieved a great victory with zero ships sunk, about 1,600 killed, five enemy ships sunk, 17 captured, and about 8,000 killed, but Nelson himself was killed on board his ship. This naval battle forced Napoleon to give up on his plans to land in Britain. [Matsumura Takeshi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1805年10月21日、イベリア半島南西部のトラファルガーTrafalgar岬の沖で、ネルソンのイギリス艦隊がビルヌーブPierre Charles Jean, Baptiste Sylvestre de Villeneuve(1763―1806)提督指揮のフランス・スペイン連合艦隊を撃破した海戦。スペインの港カディスに停泊中のビルヌーブの艦隊がナポリに出撃することを察知したネルソンは、カディス近くのトラファルガー岬沖で待ち受けた。戦艦33隻からなるビルヌーブの艦隊はイギリス艦隊を認めると北に針路を変え、これに対してネルソンは27隻のイギリス艦隊を、自らの直率する15隻と副司令官コリングウッドCuthbert Collingwood(1748―1810)の指揮する12隻の二隊に分け、旗艦ビクトリー号に「イギリスは各員が義務を果たすことを期待する」との信号を掲げて西から接敵し、敵艦隊を分断し攻撃。その結果、沈没艦ゼロ、戦死約1600人に対し、敵艦の撃沈5、捕獲17、戦死約8000人という大勝利を得たが、ネルソン自身は艦上で戦死した。この海戦により、ナポレオンはイギリス上陸を断念した。 [松村 赳] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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