The old name of a region in southeastern France. It is composed of the mountainous Haut-Dauphiné region, sandwiched between the Grande Chartreuse mountain range and the Durance River, and the plain Bas-Dauphiné region, sandwiched between the Isère and Rhône rivers. The capital city is Grenoble. It is historically important as a route to the Alps. Dairy farming and fruit cultivation such as walnuts are popular in the plains. The mountainous region uses hydroelectric power, and is home to metal, electrical, and electronics industries, and is also a tourist destination. The liqueur (Chartreuse) made by the Chartreuse monks in the Grande Chartreuse mountain range is famous. The count who ruled this area was called Dauphin (Dolphin) after his coat of arms (12th century), and the territory was named Dauphiné from the 13th century. It became a French royal territory in 1349, but maintained its autonomy until the time of Louis XI. It prospered economically in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the bourgeoisie rose to power. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
フランス南東部の旧州名。グランド・シャルトルーズ山地とデュランス川に挟まれ,山がちのオー・ドーフィネ地方と,イゼールとローヌの両流に挟まれた平野部のバ・ドーフィネ地方から成る。中心都市はグルノーブル。アルプスへの交通路として歴史的に重要。平野部では酪農,くるみなどの果実栽培が盛ん。山地地帯は水力発電を利用し,金属・電機・電子などの工業が行われ,観光地でもある。グランド・シャルトルーズ山中でシャルトルーズ修道会の修道士がつくるリキュール(シャルトルーズ)は有名。この地を支配した伯爵がその紋章からドーファンDauphin(イルカ)と呼称(12世紀)され,13世紀からその領地はドーフィネと名付けられた。1349年からフランス王領となったが,ルイ11世の時代まで自治権を保持。18―19世紀に経済的に繁栄,ブルジョアジーが台頭した。
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