Patriotic Public Party

Japanese: 愛国公党 - あいこくこうとう
Patriotic Public Party

(1) A political association for freedom and civil rights founded on January 12, 1874 (Meiji 7). It was founded by former councilors Itagaki Taisuke, Goto Shojiro, Soejima Taneomi, and Eto Shinpei, who had resigned from office after losing the debate on the Korean Expedition. They submitted a petition to the Left House calling for the establishment of a popularly elected parliament, arguing that a parliament consisting of representatives of the samurai class and wealthy farmers and merchants should be established. However, the association collapsed when Eto took part in the Saga Rebellion (1874).

(2) A political party formed by Itagaki Taisuke and others in May 1890 (Meiji 23). The Daido Unity Movement split when Goto Shojiro joined the Kuroda Kiyotaka cabinet. Itagaki tried to prevent the split but failed, so in December 1889 he decided to form the Aikoku Koto, and held its inaugural meeting on May 5 the following year. Itagaki wanted to merge with the Daido Kyowakai and the Daido Club, so on May 15 the three factions formed the Koin Club, and the Aikoku Koto was dissolved in August. After the first general election it became the Constitutional Liberal Party.

[Yasushi Goto]

"History of the Liberal Party" edited by Taisuke Itagaki (Iwanami Bunko) "Popular Struggle in the Formation of the Emperor System" by Yasushi Goto (1980, Aoki Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

(1)1874年(明治7)1月12日結成された自由民権政治結社。征韓論に敗れて下野した前参議の板垣退助(たいすけ)、後藤象二郎(しょうじろう)、副島種臣(そえじまたねおみ)、江藤新平(しんぺい)らが中心になって結成し、民撰(みんせん)議院設立建白書を左院に提出、士族および豪農商の代表者からなる議会を設立せよと主張した。しかし、江藤が佐賀の乱(1874)に加担したため、この結社は崩壊した。

(2)1890年(明治23)5月、板垣退助らが組織した政党。大同団結運動は、後藤象二郎が黒田清隆(きよたか)内閣に入閣したのを契機に分裂した。板垣は分裂を阻止しようとしたが果たさず、1889年12月に愛国公党の結成を決意し、翌年5月5日創立大会を開いた。板垣は大同協和会および大同倶楽部(くらぶ)との合同を望み、5月15日に3派は庚寅(こういん)倶楽部を組織し、愛国公党は8月に解党した。第1回総選挙後に立憲自由党となる。

[後藤 靖]

『板垣退助編『自由党史』(岩波文庫)』『後藤靖著『天皇制形成期の民衆闘争』(1980・青木書店)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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