City Municipal Law - Toshijichitaiho

Japanese: 都市自治体法 - としじちたいほう

A reform law on urban government enacted in the UK in 1835. Previously, UK urban governments were under an oligarchy in which only a small number of freemen had the right to hold public office and other privileges, which had led to corruption. The 1835 Municipalities Act established the town council as the central body of city government, replacing the privileged councils that had existed up until then, and established three-year terms for city council members, with one-third of them up for election every year. It also expanded the scope of voting eligibility to anyone who had lived in the city for more than three years and paid the poor tax, thus promoting reforms to break down the oligarchy. However, London was not covered by this law.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

1835年に英国で成立した都市自治体に関する改革立法。従来英国の都市自治体は少数の自由民だけが役職につく権利をはじめ特権にあずかっている寡頭支配体制のもとにあり，それが〈腐敗〉の原因になっていた。1835年の都市自治体法はこれまでの特権的な参事会に代わって市会（タウン・カウンシル）を市政の中心機関とさだめ，市会議員の任期は３年，毎年その３分の１が改選されるものとし，また選挙資格をその市域に３年以上住んで救貧税を払っているものに広げることによって，寡頭支配体制を打破する改革を進めた。ただしロンドンはこの法律の対象外とされた。

出典　株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて　情報

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