A large fault system that runs north-south through the central part of Honshu, forming the western edge of the Fossa Magna. On the west side of this boundary, bedrock rocks such as Mesozoic and Paleozoic strata, metamorphic rocks, and granites are widely distributed, while on the east side, thick layers of strata from the Neogene period onwards have been deposited. The general strike of bedrock in the outer belt of Southwest Japan (the general direction in which the strata extend) is northeast or north-northeast in the Akaishi Mountains on the west, while it is greatly curved to northwest or west-northwest in the Kanto Mountains on the east. It is not necessarily a single fault, but is thought to be a complex of several faults with different periods of activity and movement patterns. There is no evidence of activity before the first half of the Miocene period of the Neogene period, but in the Quaternary period, there was reverse fault activity with a left-lateral strike-slip component that raised the west side. The drop is said to be as much as 5 kilometers, and is clearly visible in the topography as a steep cliff. There is an active fault known within Nagano Prefecture, called the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line Fault Zone. [Teru Iwamatsu and Akihiro Murata] [References] | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フォッサマグナの西縁をなし、本州中央部を南北に走る大断層系。これを境に、西側には中・古生層や変成岩、花崗岩(かこうがん)類などの基盤岩が広く分布するのに対し、東側には新生代新第三紀以降の地層が厚く堆積(たいせき)する。また、西南日本外帯の基盤岩の一般走向(地層が延びていく一般的な方向)は、西側の赤石山脈では北東ないし北北東であるのに対し、東側の関東山地では大きく屈曲して北西ないし西北西である。かならずしも単一の断層ではなく、活動の時期も運動様式も異なるいくつかの断層の複合と考えられている。新第三紀中新世前半以前に活動した証拠は得られていないが、第四紀には左横ずれ成分をもつ西側隆起の逆断層活動があった。その落差は5キロメートルにも達するといわれ、地形にも急崖(きゅうがい)として明瞭(めいりょう)に現れている。長野県内では活断層が知られており、糸魚川‐静岡構造線断層帯とよばれている。 [岩松 暉・村田明広] [参照項目] | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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