Tula

Japanese: トゥーラ(英語表記)Tula
Tula
Tula is the capital of the Tula region in western Russia. It is located about 170 km south of Moscow, on the Upa River, a tributary of the Oka River. It is an ancient city that appears in records from 1146, and its importance increased with the rise of Moscow, and in the 16th century it became a defense base south of Moscow against the invasion of the Tatars. A stone fortress built in 1530 is preserved. In the 17th century it became Russia's major iron and metallurgical city, and in 1712 Peter the Great built Russia's first weapons factory. Currently, the city has industries such as steel, combine harvesters, road construction machinery, textile machinery, radios, rubber products, and hunting guns, and is known for manufacturing samovars. It is one of the mining centers of the Podmoscovian coalfield, and lignite is extracted for use in the chemical industry. There are medical, mining, and educational universities, as well as a museum of the history of weapons. Yasnaya Polyana, the birthplace of Tolstoy, is located on the outskirts, and his birthplace is now a memorial museum. A railway junction on the highway between Moscow and Simferopol in Ukraine. Population: 501,129 (2010).

Tula
Tura, Cosmetics

Born: 1430. Ferrara
Died 1495. Ferrara Italian painter. A representative painter of the Ferrara school. Cosmè is also written as Cosimo. It is believed that he was influenced by the works of Andrea Mantegna and Piero della Francesca. He was a court painter to Borso, Duke of Este of Ferrara, and Ercole I, and excelled in allegorical and decorative paintings. Although the decoration of the Sacret Chapel of San Domenico (1467-68) and the Portrait of Ercole I and Lucrezia d'Este have been lost, the Roverella Altarpiece (c. 1472, scattered in London, the National Gallery, Paris, the Louvre, etc.) and St. George and the Dragon (1469, Ferrara Cathedral Museum) remain.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ロシア西部,トゥーラ州の州都。モスクワの南約 170kmにあり,オカ川支流ウパ川にのぞむ。 1146年の記録に現れる古都で,モスクワの隆盛とともに重要性を増し,16世紀にはタタール人の侵攻に対するモスクワ南方の防衛拠点となった。 1530年建造の石造の要塞が保存されている。 17世紀にはロシアの主要な鉄冶金都市となり,1712年ピョートル1世によりロシア最初の兵器工場が建設された。現在,鉄鋼,コンバイン,道路建設用機械,繊維機械,ラジオ,ゴム製品,猟銃などの工業があり,サモワールの製造で知られる。ポドモスクワ炭田の採炭中心地の一つで,褐炭の採掘が行われ,化学工業用に利用される。医学,鉱業,教育の各大学,兵器史博物館などがあり,郊外にはトルストイの生地ヤースナヤポリャーナがあって,その生家は現在記念博物館となっている。鉄道分岐点で,モスクワとウクライナのシンフェローポリを結ぶハイウェーが通る。人口 50万1129(2010)。

トゥーラ
Tura, Cosmè

[生]1430頃. フェララ
[没]1495. フェララ
イタリアの画家。フェララ派の代表的画家。Cosmèは Cosimoとも書く。アンドレア・マンテーニャやピエロ・デラ・フランチェスカの作品に影響を受けたと推定されている。フェララのエステ公ボルソ,エルコレ1世の宮廷画家として寓意的で装飾的な絵画を得意とした。サン・ドメニコのサクラーティ礼拝堂の装飾(1467~68)や『エルコレ1世とルクレツィア・デステの肖像』は失われたが『ロベレラの祭壇画』(1472頃,ロンドン,ナショナル・ギャラリー,パリ,ルーブル美術館などに分散),『聖ゲオルギウスと竜』(1469,フェララ大聖堂美術館)などが現存する。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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