Dofuku - martial arts uniform

Japanese: 道服 - どうふく
Dofuku - martial arts uniform

Also written as 'dofuku'. From the Muromachi period to the early Edo period, it was worn by upper-class samurai as a haori. In the "Nanajuichiban Shokunin Zukushi," a sandal seller wears a haori-like monk's uniform, and an actual example worn by Uesugi Kenshin still exists, but it is made like a kosode with a breast on the inside of the collar, so it was not worn with the collar folded to the front like today's haori.

Later, the dofuku became more decorative, and among the Sengoku warlords, the gorgeous ones worn in the battlefield came to be called jindōfuku or jinbaori, and the collar gradually became folded outward as it is today. As the haori became more common, the name and style of the dofuku changed.

[Takeshi Endo]

The monk's uniform as seen in "Shokunin Utaawase Ehon"
Originally it was a travel garment used to protect against dust. Later it became a vest, and then it became a jinbaori (battle coat) for use by samurai on the battlefield. "Shokunin Utaawase Ehon" (Artisan Poetry and Political Battle Picture Book), 1838 (Tenpo 9), National Diet Library .

The monk's uniform as seen in "Shokunin Utaawase Ehon"


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

胴服とも書く。室町時代から江戸時代初期にかけて、上流武士の間で羽織のように羽織って着用されたもの。また『七十一番職人尽(づくし)』には草履(ぞうり)売りが、羽織的な形態の道服を着ているし、実物としては上杉謙信(けんしん)着用のものが現存するが、形は小袖(こそで)仕立てで裏の衽(おくみ)のところに乳(ち)がついているので、今日の羽織のように衿(えり)を表側に折って着用するものではなかった。

 のち道服は装飾化され、戦国武将の間では、これを陣中で羽織った華麗なものを陣胴服あるいは陣羽織とよぶようになり、衿も今日のようにしだいに外折りとなった。道服は羽織が一般化するにつれて、その名称も形態も変わった。

[遠藤 武]

『職人歌合画本』にみる道服
元来は道中着のことで、塵よけとして用いたのが始まり。のち胴着となり、戦場において武家が用いたため陣羽織と化した。『職人歌合画本』 1838年(天保9)国立国会図書館所蔵">

『職人歌合画本』にみる道服


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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