Dormancy

In such cases, growth and activity cease, nutrients are stored in the body, and respiration is drastically reduced to prevent exhaustion, while awaiting the return of a suitable season. This state is called dormancy in the broad sense, and includes hibernation and summer hibernation. However, organisms often cease activity not simply as a direct response to external conditions, but rather by actively switching their physiological state to endure inappropriate periods, and such cases are usually called diapause in the strict sense.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "dormancy" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…そのような場合，発育･活動を停止し，体内に栄養物質を蓄え，呼吸量を極端に減らして消耗を防ぎ，好適な季節の再来を待つ。この状態は広義の休眠dormancyといわれ，冬眠や夏眠もこれに含められる。しかし生物は単に外界条件の直接作用によってではなく，むしろ積極的に生理状態を切り換えて活動を停止し，不適当な時期をのり切っていることが多く，ふつうこのような場合を厳密な意味の休眠diapauseと呼ぶ。…

※「dormancy」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報