Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Japanese: 東南アジア諸国連合 - とうなんアジアしょこくれんごう
Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Association of South-East Asian Nations. ASEAN (Abbreviation). A cooperation organization that aims to establish economic and social foundations and promote national development in the region. Established in 1967, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASA, established in 1961; member countries Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines) was dissolved. There are 10 member countries (former ASA countries, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia). The secretariat is in Jakarta. In 1994, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) was established to discuss security issues in the Asia-Pacific region among multiple nations. In addition to the 10 ASEAN countries, ministers from Japan, China, South Korea, the United States, Russia, and the European Union (EU) have met, and in 2000, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea also participated, bringing the number of member countries and organizations to 23. Dialogue within the ASEAN+3 (Japan, China, South Korea) framework is significant in strengthening the connections between Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. The Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC, 1976), which is the de facto basis for ASEAN, was signed by China and India in 2003, followed by Japan in 2004, and New Zealand and Australia in 2005. At the Bali summit in 2003, it was agreed to form an East Asia Community by 2020, and at the ASEAN+3 foreign ministers' meeting in 2004, it was decided to hold the East Asia Summit (held in Kuala Lumpur in December 2005). At the finance ministers' meeting in 2009, the creation of the ASEAN Infrastructure Fund for infrastructure development was confirmed, and an agreement was reached on the amount of each country's foreign exchange reserves to be contributed to the Chiang Mai Initiative multilateral fund, which provides foreign currency in emergencies. 80% of the cost will be borne by Japan, China, and South Korea. However, Japan's FTA negotiations with ASEAN as a whole have not progressed since the Japan-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement was concluded in 2008, and the China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA), which was established in 2010, has been the first. As the weight of Southeast Asia in the world economy has increased, approaches from other economic zones, including the EU, have been actively developed, and the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) has been held every two years since 1996 between Asian countries, mainly ASEAN, and the member states of the European Union (EU) and the European Commission. ASEAN countries have all declared their intention to join the AIIB, which China aims to establish in 2015, and there are concerns from ASEAN countries that Japan may be isolated. →East Asia Economic Conference/ASEAN Free Trade Area/Southeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty→Related topicsAsia-Europe Meeting | Flying Geese Theory | Trans-Pacific Economic Zone Initiative | Cambodia | Economic Partnership Agreement | Doi Moi | Southeast Asia | Refugees | Japan | Baht Economic Zone | Brunei | Vietnam | Malaysia | Comprehensive Mekong Development | Laos | Regionalism

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
Association of South-East Asian Nations。略称ASEAN(アセアン)。域内の経済的・社会的基盤の確立と国家開発をめざす協力機構。1967年東南アジア連合(1961年成立,略称ASA。加盟国タイ,マレーシア,フィリピン)が発展的に解消して成立。加盟国10ヵ国(旧ASA諸国とインドネシア,シンガポール,ブルネイ,ベトナム,ラオス,ミャンマー,カンボジア)。事務局はジャカルタ。アジア・太平洋地域の安全保障問題を多国家間で協議するため,1994年以来ASEAN地域フォーラム(略称ARF)の場が設けられ,ASEAN10ヵ国のほか,日本・中国・韓国やアメリカ・ロシア・ヨーロッパ連合(EU)などの閣僚が会合,2000年には朝鮮民主主義人民共和国も参加し,加盟国・機構は23に及ぶ。ASEAN+3(日本,中国,韓国)の枠組みによる対話は,東南アジアと東北アジアの接点を強化する意味が大きい。また東南アジア友好協力条約(TAC,1976)は,ASEANの実質的な根拠条約であるが,2003年中国とインドが,2004年日本,2005年ニュージーランド,オーストラリアもこの条約に署名した。2003年バリでの首脳会議で2020年を目途とする〈東アジア共同体〉形成に合意し,2004年の〈ASEAN+3〉外相会議で〈東アジア・サミット〉の開催を決めた(2005年12月クアラルンプールで開催)。2009年財務相会合でインフラ整備のための〈ASEANインフラ基金〉創設を確認し,緊急時に外貨を融通する〈チェンマイ・イニシャチブ〉多国間基金への各国外貨準備の拠出額を合意した。80%は日本,中国,韓国が負担する。しかし日本とのASEAN全体とのFTA交渉は,2008年に日本・ASEAN包括的経済連携協定が締結されて以降進展せず,2010年に成立した中国・ASEAN自由貿易協定(ACFTA)が先行している。また,世界経済における東南アジアの比重が高まるにつれ,EUをはじめ他の経済圏からのアプローチも積極的に展開されるようになり,ASEANを中心としたアジア諸国とヨーロッパ連合(EU)加盟国およびヨーロッパ委員会との間で,1996年から2年ごとにアジア・ヨーロッパ会議(ASEM)が開催されている。中国が2015年に設立を目指すAIIBにASEAN諸国は一斉に参加を表明,ASEAN諸国からは日本の孤立化を懸念する声が出ている。→東アジア経済会議/ASEAN自由貿易圏/東南アジア非核地帯条約
→関連項目アジア・ヨーロッパ会議|雁行形態論|環太平洋経済圏構想|カンボジア|経済連携協定|ドイモイ|東南アジア|難民|日本|バーツ経済圏|ブルネイ|ベトナム|マレーシア|メコン総合開発|ラオス|リージョナリズム

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