…When a solution is placed alone, no osmotic pressure actually occurs, so the potential osmotic pressure in this case is called the osmotic value and is expressed as the osmotic concentration of the solution. Osmotic concentration can also be determined by measuring the freezing point depression, and is often expressed as osmolarity, calculated from the freezing point depression of 1.858°C for a 1-molar solution of an ideal nonelectrolyte. In plant cells with well-developed vacuoles, the cytoplasm, which is surrounded by semipermeable membranes on both the inside and outside, maintains osmotic equilibrium with the cell sap in the vacuole, so the entire layer of this protoplasm can be considered to function as a semipermeable membrane of a certain thickness. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "osmolarity" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…溶液が単独に置かれているときは,まだ現実には浸透圧が発生していないので,こういう場合の潜在的な浸透圧を浸透価osmotic valueと呼び,溶液の浸透濃度osmotic concentrationで表す。浸透濃度は氷点降下度の測定によっても求められ,理想非電解質の1重量mol溶液の氷点降下度1.858℃から計算されるオスモル濃度osmolarityで表されることが多い。 液胞のよく発達した植物細胞において,内外両表面を半透膜で包まれた細胞質は液胞内の細胞液と浸透平衡を保っているので,この原形質の層全体が一定の厚みをもった半透膜として働いているとみなしてよい。… ※「osmolarity」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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