Toji Temple Documents

Japanese: 東寺文書 - とうじもんじょ

A general term for the collection of documents handed down to Toji Temple (Kyoogokokuji Temple) in Minami Ward, Kyoto City. It mainly consists of the "Toji Hyakugo Monjo" held at the Kyoto Prefectural Library and Archives, the "Toji Documents" held at Toji Temple, and the "Kyoogokokuji Documents" held at the Kyoto University Museum of Letters, with smaller amounts held in various other locations. Toji Temple was hardly damaged by fire, and documents have been collected and managed systematically since the Middle Ages, so the total number of documents is over 30,000. They date from the early Heian period to the early Edo period, with some documents dating back to the Nara period. The Toji Yuri Documents, which make up the major part of the collection, are made up of various documents related to the general administration of Toji Temple, such as Buddhist ceremonies, Buddhist rites, temple land management such as manors, and the organization of temple priests. They were organized, transcribed, and cataloged by Maeda Tsunanori, the fifth lord of the Kaga domain during the Edo period, and were stored in 100 paulownia boxes (lilies) donated by Tsunanori, hence the name. Since the Meiji period, the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo has organized, cataloged, and made photocopies of the documents, and since 1925 has published them as the Toji Documents of the Great Japanese Archives. The Toji Documents were originally stored in lily boxes and are classified into the Emperor's Calligraphy, the Six Arts, the Thousand Characters, and the Five Virtues. In the mid-Edo period, they were selected for their high artistic value and made into scrolls and hanging scrolls. The Kyoogokokuji documents are a group of documents whose location was confirmed at Toji Temple around 1937, and include some documents that were not included in the catalogue of the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo. They are important documents that show not only the religious activities and history of Toji Temple, but also the political, economic, and social aspects of the temple since the Heian period. The approximately 25,000 documents in the Toji Yuri documents, 81 volumes and 547 documents in the Rokugei of the Toji documents, and the 354 volumes and approximately 3,000 documents in the Kyoogokokuji documents are designated as Important Cultural Properties by the nation.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

京都市南区の東寺（教王護国寺）(きょうおうごこくじ)に伝来した文書群の総称。主に京都府立総合資料館蔵の〈東寺百合文書(とうじひゃくごうもんじょ)〉，東寺蔵の〈東寺文書〉，京都大学文学部博物館蔵の〈教王護国寺文書〉で構成され，ほかにわずかずつ各所に所蔵される。東寺はほとんど火災の被害がなく，また中世以来組織的に文書の収集・管理が行われたことから，文書の総数は３万通以上に上る。年代は平安時代初期から江戸時代初期にわたり，一部奈良時代のものも含まれる。主要部分を占める〈東寺百合文書〉は，法会・仏事，荘園などの寺領経営，寺僧組織など東寺の運営全般に関わる種々の文書からなり，江戸時代加賀藩５代藩主前田綱紀(つなのり)により整理と書写，目録の作成等が行われ，綱紀より寄進された桐箱100（百合）に納められたことからこの名称がある。明治以降東京大学史料編纂所で整理と目録作成，影写本の作成などが行われて，1925年から継続して《大日本古文書》東寺文書として刊行されている。〈東寺文書〉はもと百合の箱に納められていたもので，御宸翰・六芸(りくげい)・千字文(せんじもん)・五常(ごじょう)などに分類されている。江戸時代中頃美術的価値が高いことなどから抜き出されて巻子(かんす)・懸幅(かけふく)に仕立てられた。〈教王護国寺文書〉は1937年頃東寺で所在が確認された文書群で，東京大学史料編纂所での目録から漏れたものを一部含む。東寺の宗教活動・寺史のみならず，平安時代以降の政治・経済・社会の様相を示す重要な資料である。〈東寺百合文書〉の約２万5000通余，〈東寺文書〉のうち六芸の81巻547通，〈教王護国寺文書〉の354巻約3000通は国の重要文化財に指定されている。

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