Tenpo Reforms

Japanese: 天保改革 - てんぽうかいかく

Political reforms carried out by the shogunate and various feudal domains during the Tenpo era (1830-1843) in the Edo period. In 1841, Mizuno Tadakuni became the chief senior councilor, and advocated the prohibition of extravagance and the encouragement of thrift, aiming for the politics of the Kyoho and Kansei reforms. In response to the rise in prices in the city following the Tenpo famine of 1833-1836, he aimed to lower prices, dissolved stock associations and wholesaler guilds, permitted merchants to trade freely, and carried out return of people in an effort to secure the population in rural areas. He issued an agechi decree, but due to strong opposition from the feudal lords, Mizuno was forced to resign and the reforms also came to a halt. Around this time, reforms were carried out by Chosho Hirogo and Murata Seifu, and the Satsuma and Choshu domains built the foundations for their leadership in the political situation at the end of the Edo period.
→ Related topics: Land confiscation | Egawa Tarozaemon | Edo Shogunate | Equal land system | Frugality order | Tamenaga Shunsui | Tokugawa Ieyoshi | Niigata Magistrate | 24 groups of wholesalers | Nishida Genji | Hakuragaiki | Hamamatsu Domain

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

江戸時代，天保年間（1830年―1843年）に幕府や諸藩が行った政治改革。1841年水野忠邦は老中首座につき，奢侈(しゃし)禁止，倹約奨励を唱え，享保・寛政改革の政治を目ざした。1833年―1836年の天保の飢饉(ききん)以後の市中の物価騰貴に対処して物価引下げをねらい，株仲間や問屋組合を解散して商人の自由取引を許可，また人返しを行い農村人口の確保に努めた。上知(あげち)令を発したが諸侯の強い反対で水野は失脚，改革も頓挫(とんざ)した。このころ調所(ずしょ)広郷，村田清風の改革があり，薩・長両藩が幕末の政局を主導する基盤を築いた。
→関連項目上知｜江川太郎左衛門｜江戸幕府｜均田制度｜倹約令｜為永春水｜徳川家慶｜新潟奉行｜二十四組問屋｜偐紫田舎源氏｜羽倉外記｜浜松藩

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