It is defined as the work required to move one unit of charge quietly from a certain standard point (usually a point at infinity) to a certain position regardless of the path, and is expressed in volts (V) in the International Units (SI) system. Work is required to move a charge against an electric field. For this reason, it is possible to think of a location where an electric field that does not change over time acts as having a position energy corresponding to that location, hence the name. In particular, the difference in electric potential between two specific points is called the potential difference. In addition, since it is a single-valued function determined only by spatial coordinates unrelated to the path, it is possible to draw equipotential surfaces with equal electric potential in space. Since the earth is an infinite conductor, its potential is zero. Therefore, if the earth is connected to the ground, even if a person touches a device with an insulation abnormality, there is no potential difference between the person and the device, so electric shock can be prevented. [Michinori Iwata] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一単位の電荷を、ある標準点(通常は無限遠点)から、その位置まで径路にかかわらず静かに運ぶのに要する仕事と定義され、国際単位(SI単位)系ではボルト(V)で表す。電界に逆らって電荷を動かすには仕事がいる。このため時間的に変化のない電界が作用している場所には、その位置に応じた位置のエネルギーがあると考えることができるのでこの名がある。とくに、特定の2点間の電位の差を電位差とよぶ。また、径路に関係しない空間座標のみで決まる一価関数であるので、空間内に等しい電位をもった等電位面を描くことができる。 大地は無限大の導体であることから、電位はゼロとなる。このため、アース(接地)してあれば、絶縁に異常の生じた機器に人が触れても、人と機器の間には電位差がないため感電を防ぐことができる。 [岩田倫典] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
<<: Potential meter - Electrical meter
...Such parts of a building are called building s...
Originally, it was a long dress made of brightly ...
…The word immigrant is often used instead of the ...
…In recent years, practical examples of resistoje...
...Odors are perceptions that arise as a result o...
For example, when we perceive a cube, we cannot s...
Year of death: 27 April 775 (30 May 775) Year of b...
A group of arthropods that, together with the Eur...
A medical scientist, he established modern dermat...
A dream-like state of consciousness that occurs d...
...Direct traction (skeletal traction) is a metho...
…He fondly remembered the hunt and made the head ...
In this period, the conservatives who remained in...
With λ>0 Then, p k >0, p 0 +p 1 +p 2 +……=1,...
A city on the Yellow Sea coast in the western part...