Pacificatie van Gent (English spelling)

Japanese: Pacificatie van Gent(英語表記)PacificatievanGent
Pacificatie van Gent (English spelling)

The rebels were defeated in the Battle of Ghent, but the Spanish defeated the Dutch in 1576. The rebels were defeated in 1577. The rebels were defeated in 1578. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1579. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1580. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1591. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1592. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1593. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1594. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1595. The rebels defeated the Dutch in 1596.
[Establishment and Development of the Republic]
In 1579, seven northern provinces and the cities of Flanders and Brabant signed the Union of Utrecht, pledging to fight the Spanish.

From the Eighty Years' War

...The sudden death of the regent L. de Zúñiga y Requeséns, who replaced the Duke of Alba in 1573 (1576), and the subsequent revolt of Spanish soldiers brought about a dramatic change in the situation. In November 1576, the Peace of Ghent was concluded between the provinces of Holland and Zeeland and other provinces under Spanish control, and it seemed as if a national alliance against Spain had been formed. However, after the new regent Don Juan de Austria, who was welcomed by the National Assembly after approving the Perpetual Decree in 1577, broke with the Assembly, the resentment of the southern Catholic nobles against the Prince of Orange, whose prestige had risen, and especially the feud between the old and new Christians, which intensified after the disastrous defeat of the Assembly's forces at Gembloux in January 1578, undermined the Peace of Ghent, and in January 1579, the Union of Arras and the Union of Utrecht were separated into the north and south.

From the Utrecht Union

…Originally a military alliance against Spain, formed primarily by the northern provinces of the Netherlands as a closer alliance within the framework of the Peace of Ghent (1576). Inspired by the formation of the League of Arras in Wallonia (1579), the provinces of Gelderland, Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, and the Ommelanden region of the province of Groningen signed the alliance in Utrecht on January 23, 1579. Later, the southern cities of Ghent, Antwerp, and some cities and regions in the northern provinces (Overijssel, Friesland) also joined.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Pacificatie van Gent" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…オラニエ公は両州の総督(スタットハウデル)に任じられて反乱の指導者に推され,スペイン軍に包囲されたアルクマールやライデンを次々に解放した。76年,オラニエ公は反乱軍の占拠した2州とスペイン軍支配下にある諸州との間に〈ヘントの和平Pacificatie van Gent〉を成立させ,全ネーデルラントの統一と平和を実現することに成功した。
[共和国の成立と発展]
 1579年,北部7州とフランドル,ブラバント両州の諸都市はユトレヒト同盟を締結してスペイン軍と戦うことを誓った。…

【八十年戦争】より

…73年アルバ公に代わった執政レケセンスL.de Zúñiga y Requesénsの急死(1576)とそれに続くスペイン兵の反乱が事態を急転させた。76年11月ホラント,ゼーラント両州と他のスペイン軍支配下にある諸州との間に〈ヘントの和平Pacificatie van Gent〉が結ばれ,ここに対スペイン全国同盟が成ったかに見えた。しかし77年〈永久令〉を承認して全国議会により迎え入れられた新執政ドン・フアンDon Juan de Austriaが結局は議会と決裂した後,威信の高まったオラニエ公に対する南部カトリック貴族の反感,とりわけ78年1月ジャンブルーでの議会軍の惨敗後激化した新旧両教徒間の確執は〈ヘントの和平〉を掘り崩し,79年1月南北にアラス同盟,ユトレヒト同盟が分立した。…

【ユトレヒト同盟】より

…元来〈ヘントの和平Pacificatie van Gent〉(1576)の枠内での〈より緊密な同盟〉として,ネーデルラントの北部諸州を主体に締結された対スペイン軍事同盟。ワロン諸州の〈アラス同盟〉結成(1579)に刺激されて,1579年1月23日,ヘルデルラント,ホラント,ゼーラント,ユトレヒトの各州,フローニンゲン州オンメランデンOmmelanden地域がユトレヒト市で調印,その後ヘント,アントウェルペン(アントワープ)などの南部諸都市,また他の北部諸州(オーフェルアイセル,フリースラント)の若干の都市や地方も加盟した。…

※「Pacificatie van Gent」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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